Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Species transport dynamics for clinical pulmonary evaluation

  • Respiratory Mass Transport
  • Published:
Annals of Biomedical Engineering Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Various chemical species having different physicochemical properties (e.g., solubility) can be used to characterize many aspects of the pulmonary system. These include (a) gas distribution (or ventilation) inhomogeneity, (b) effective alveolar-capillary transport, (c) pulmonary blood flow, (d) pulmonary tissue (and capillary) volume, and (e) ventilation-perfusion inhomogeneity. Experimentally, the quickest methods to obtain these characteristics are based on the dynamic response to composition changes of pulmonary system inputs. For each method, the underlying mathematical model must be appropriately developed from dynamic mass-balance equations. The problems associated with making inferences about the pulmonary system in the presence of significant ventilation inhomogeneity are addressed. Many alternative approaches are considered with a critical examination of their advantages and limitations.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Adaro, F., M. Meyer, and R.S. Sikand. Rebreathing and single breath pulmonary diffusing capacity in man at rest and exercise studied by C18 O isotope.Bull. Eur. Physiopathol. Respir. 12:747–756, 1976.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Baker, L., R. Rhoades, and J. Ultman. Simultaneous gas flow and diffusion in a symmetric airway system: A mathematical model.Respir. Physiol. 21:110–138, 1974.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Buist, A.S. and B.B. Ross. Quantitative analysis of the alveolar plateau in the diagnosis of early airway obstruction.Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 108:1078–1087, 1973.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Burma, G.M. and G.M. Saidel. Re-evaluation of methods for non-invasive estimation of pulmonary blood flow and pulmonary tissue volume. (Abstract).Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 117(4):318, 1978.

    Google Scholar 

  5. Cander, L. and R.E. Forster. Determination of pulmonary parenchymal tissue volume and pulmonary capillary blood flow in man.J. Appl. Physiol. 14:541–551, 1959.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Cotton, D.J., C.J.L. Newth, P.M. Portner, and J.A. Nadel. Measurement of single-breath CO diffusing capacity by continuous rapid CO analysis in man.J. Appl. Physiol. 46:1149–1156, 1979.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Engel, L.A. and P.T. Macklem. Gas-mixing and distribution in the lung. In:Respiratory Physiology II, Vol. 14, edited by J.G. Widdicombe. Baltimore: University Park Press, 1977, pp. 37–81.

    Google Scholar 

  8. Felton, C., G.L. Rose, S.S. Cassidy, and R.L. Johnson, Jr. Comparison of lung diffusing capacity during rebreathing and during slow exhalation.Respir. Physiol. 43:13–22, 1981.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Fleming, G.M., E.H. Chester, J. Saniie, and G.M. Saidel. Ventilation inhomogeneity using multibreath nitrogen washout: Comparison of moment ratios and other indices.Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 121:789–795, 1980.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Hlastala, M.P. and H.T. Robertson. Inert gas elimination characteristics of the normal and abnormal lung.J. Appl. Physiol. 44:258–266, 1978.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Lutchen, K., F.P. Primiano, Jr., and G.M. Saidel. A nonlinear model combining pulmonary mechanics and gas concentration dynamics.IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. (in press).

  12. Make, B. and N.L. Lapp. Factors influencing the measurement of closing volume.Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 111:749–754, 1975.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Petrini, M.F., B.T. Peterson, and R.W. Hyde. Lung tissue volume and blood flow by rebreathing: Theory.J. Appl. Physiol. 44:795–802, 1978.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Reinhart, M.E., J.R. Hughes, M. Kung, W.M. Abraham, T. Ahmed, P. Eyre, and A. Wanner. Determination of pulmonary blood flow by the rebreathing technique in airflow obstruction.Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 120:533–540, 1979.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Sackner, M.A., G. Markwell, N. Atkins, S.J. Birch, and R.J. Fernandez. Rebreathing techniques for pulmonary capillary blood flow and tissue volume.J. Appl. Physiol. 49:910–915, 1980.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Saidel, G.M. Alveolar-capilary diffusion and ventilatory-perfusion inhomogeneity: a mathematical model.Med. Biol. Eng. Comput. (in press).

  17. Saidel, G.M. and G.M. Burma. Multibreath tracer species dynamics in the lung.Bull. Math. Biol. 43:1–19, 1981.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Saidel, G.M., J. Saniie, and E.H. Chester. Modeling and moments of multibreath lung washout.Ann. Biomed. Eng. 6:126–137, 1978.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Saidel, G.M., J. Saniie, and E.H. Chester. Pulmonary estimation with a time-varying model: Ventilation inhomogeneity by multibreath washout.Comput. Biomed. Res. 13:456–457, 1980.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Saniie, J., G.M. Saidel, and E.H. Chester. Real-time moment analysis of pulmonary nitrogen washout.J. Appl. Physiol. 46:1184–1190, 1979.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Stanescu, D., C. Veriter, and L. Brasseur. Difference between the He bolus and N2 technique for measuring closing volume.J. Appl. Physiol. 42:859–864, 1977.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Wagner, P.D. and J.B. West. Ventilation-perfusion relationships. In:Pulmonary Gas Exchange, Vol. I, edited by J.B. West. New York: Academic Press, 1980.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University and Veterans Administration Medical Center, 44106, Cleveland, Ohio

    Gerald M. Saidel

Authors
  1. Gerald M. Saidel
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Additional information

Supported in part by the Medical Research Service of the Veterans Administration.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Saidel, G.M. Species transport dynamics for clinical pulmonary evaluation. Ann Biomed Eng 9, 529–541 (1981). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02364769

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02364769

Keywords

Search

Navigation