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Embryology and relationships ofGyrocarpus andHernandia (Hernandiaceae)

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Abstract

Two representative genera of Hernandiaceae,Gyrocarpus andHernandia, were investigated embryologically to contribute to a better understanding of their respective evolutionary position. Comparisons with other lauralean families using Chloranthaceae or Annonaceae (as a representative of Magnoliales) as an outgroup of Laurales (if present, plus other related taxa) support a lauraceous affinity for the two genera because of the presence of ramified raphal vascular bundles at the chalaza (a synapomorphy), but do not provide evidence for the separation of Hernandiaceae from Lauraceae.Hernandia rather shares with Lauraceae two apomorphies (i.e., the seed pachychalazy and the ruminate seed) which may be homoplasies judged from results of cladistic and molecular studies published elsewhere.Hernandia is greatly divergent from an ancestral line common withGyrocarpus and is even diversified within the genus. Based on evidence from embryology as well as from other sources, it seems best to accept two separate subfamilies in Hernandiaceae as usually have been accepted: one is a derived subfamily Hernandioideae, and the other a less specialized Gyrocarpoideae.

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  1. Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, 606-01, Kyoto, Japan

    Kweon Heo

  2. Faculty of Integrated Human Studies, Kyoto University, 606-01, Kyoto, Japan

    Hiroshi Tobe

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  1. Kweon Heo
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Heo, K., Tobe, H. Embryology and relationships ofGyrocarpus andHernandia (Hernandiaceae). J. Plant Res. 108, 327–341 (1995). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02344358

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