Skip to main content
Log in

Hybrid stress analysis of perforated composites using strain gages

  • Published:
Experimental Mechanics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

A strain gage hybrid method is described for determining individual stresses on the boundary and in the neighborhood of cutouts in orthotropic composites. Results agree with independent measurements and finite element analysis. Few measured strain data are needed, and the measured strains originate away from the hole. Ability to determine the stresses on the edge of a cutout from nonboundary measurements recognizes the difficulties in obtaining reliable measurements very near an edge while circumventing the challenge of attempting to bond gages to the transverse curved surface of a small hole or notch. The method also alleviates the problem of not knowing a priori where the most serious stress will occur on the geometric boundary and, hence, where to locate strain gages.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Peterson, R.E., Stress Concentration Factors, John Wiley & Sons, New York (1974).

    Google Scholar 

  2. Gerhardt, T.D., “A Hybrid/Finite Element Approach for Stress Analysis of Notched Anisotropic Materials,”ASME J. Appl. Mech.,51,804–810 (1984).

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  3. Dally, J.W. andRiley, W.F., Experimental Stress Analysis, 3rd ed., McGraw-Hill, New York (1991).

    Google Scholar 

  4. Dally, J.W. and Berger, J.R., “The Role of Electrical Resistance Strain Gages in Fracture Research,” Experimental Sechniques in Fracture, ed. J.S. Epstein, VCH, 1–40 (1993).

  5. McConnell, K.G. and Riley, W.F., “Strain-gage Instrumentation and Data Analysis,” Handbook on Experimental Mechanics, 2nd rev. ed., ed. A.S. Kobayashi, VCH, 79–117 (1993).

  6. Lin, C.H., “A New Digital Isopachic Contouring Technique for Stress Analyzing Composite Materials,” PhD thesis, University of Wisconsin-Madison (1994).

  7. Lin, S.T. andRowlands, R.E., “Thermoelastic Stress Analysis of Orthotropic Composites,” EXPERIMENTAL MECHANICS,35,257–265, (1995).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Rauch, B.J. andRowlands, R.E., “Determining Reliable Edge Isopachic Data from Interior Thermoelastic Measurements,” EXPERIMENTAL MECHANICS,35,174–181 (1995).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Hawong, J.S., Lin, C.H., Lin, S.T., Rhee, J., andRowlands, R.E., “A Hybrid Method to Determine Stresses in Orthotropic Composites Using Only Isochromatic Data,”J. Composite Mat.,29,2366–2387 (1995).

    Google Scholar 

  10. Rhee, J., “Geometric Discontinuities in Orthotropic Composites,” PhD thesis, University of Wisconsin-Madison (1995).

  11. Rhee, J., He, S., andRowlands, R.E., “Hybrid Moire-numerical Stress Analysis Around Cutouts in Loaded Composites,” EXPERIMENTAL MECHANICS,36,379–387 (1996).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Baek, T.H. andRowlands, R.E., “Experimental Determination of Stress Concentrations in Orthotropic Composites,”J. Strain Anal.,34 (2),69–81 (1999).

    Google Scholar 

  13. Baek, T.H., Kim, M.S., Rhee, J., andRowlands, R.E., “Hybrid Stress Analysis of Perforated Tensile Plates Using Multiple and Sharpened Photoelastic Data and Complex-variable Techniques,”JSME Int. J.,43,327–333 (2000).

    Google Scholar 

  14. Lekhnitskii, S.G., Anisotropic Plates, trans. S.W. Tsai and T. Cheron, Gordon and Breach, New York (1968).

    Google Scholar 

  15. Savin, G.N., “Stress Distribution Around Holes,” NASA Technical Translation, NASA TT F-601 (1970).

  16. Sanford, R.J., “Application of the Least-squares Method to Photoelastic Analysis,” EXPERIMENTAL MECHANICS,20,192–197 (1980).

    Google Scholar 

  17. Juvinall, R.C. andMarshek, K.M., Fundamentals of Machine Component Design, 3rd ed., John & Wiley Sons, New York (1999).

    Google Scholar 

  18. Tan, S.C., “Finite-width Correction Factors for Anisotropic Plate Containing a Central Opening,”J. Composite Mat.,22,1080–1097 (1988).

    Google Scholar 

  19. Barker, D.B., Sanford, R.J., andChona, R., “Determining K and Related Stress Field Parameters and from Displacement Fields,” EXPERIMENTAL MECHANICS,25,399–407 (1985).

    Google Scholar 

  20. Baek, T.H. andBurger, C.P., “Accuracy Improvement Technique for Measuring Stress Intensity Factors in Photoelastic Experiment,”KSME J.,5 (1),22–27 (1991).

    Google Scholar 

  21. Lin, S.T., “Quantitative Thermoelastic Stress Analysis of Orthotropic Composite Structures,” PhD thesis, University of Wisconsin-Madison (1994).

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Baek, T.H., Rowlands, R.E. Hybrid stress analysis of perforated composites using strain gages. Experimental Mechanics 41, 195–203 (2001). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02323197

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02323197

Key Words

Navigation