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New equipment for cyclic biaxial testing

The behavior of the equipment and the modes of failure of the specimens are described and some test data are presented

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Abstract

Methods of achieving biaxial-stress states in fatigue tests are reviewed. A new design of equipment that produces five distinct biaxial-stress states by simultaneous direct pressurization and axial loading of thinwalled cylindrical specimens is described. Four variations of stress state are obtained by the use of two sizes of specimen and by reversal of the pressurizing connections. The fifth state is obtained by direct pressurization without axial load. The actual magnitudes of stress in the specimen are computed from the output of the load cell in the reaction frame in which the biaxial-testing device is mounted. Additional stress ratios are obtained using standard uniaxial and torsional cyclic-testing arrangements.

The initial program using this equipment was to investigate the effects of biaxiality on the cyclic properties and low-cycle fatigue behavior of normalized 1018 mild steel, under fully reversed constant-amplitude strain control. Control was achieved using a servo-controlled, electrohydraulic testing system with one of the two clipon strain transducers, that were mounted on the specimen, providing the controlling electrical signal. The system allowed direct recording of the stress-strain hysteresis loops in both principal directions. The behavior of the equipment and the modes of failure of the specimens are described and some test data are presented. The range of application and limitations of the equipment for further cyclic biaxial testing are discussed.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Ontario Hydro Research Laboratories, Toronto, Ontario, Can.

    D. G. Havard (Engineer)

  2. Civil Engineering Dept., University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Can.

    T. H. Topper (Professor)

Authors
  1. D. G. Havard
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  2. T. H. Topper
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Additional information

The research for this paper was supported in part by the Defence Research Board of Canada, Grant Number 9535-49 and the National Research Council of Canada, Grant Number A 1694.

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Havard, D.G., Topper, T.H. New equipment for cyclic biaxial testing. Experimental Mechanics 9, 550–557 (1969). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02316657

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02316657

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