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Neurogenic pulmonary edema: a presenting symptom in multiple sclerosis

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Abstract

Altered cardiovascular and respiratory function is uncommonly encountered in multiple sclerosis, though it may appear late in the course of the disease [4]. Episodes of acute ventilatory failure due to autonomic and/or voluntary respiratory function paralysis have already been described. These episodes are often accompanied by a focal neurological deficit which expresses lesion at the level of the medulla [6]. A demyelinating bulbar lesion leading to altered cardiovascular function is likewise infrequent but when it happens, bradycardia, postural hypotension [2], or acute pulmonary edema without heart failure may occur [1].

We present a case of non cardiogenic acute pulmonary edema which had neither a toxic insult nor an infective agent as etiology, but appeared as the initial manifestation of a multifocal demyelinating syndrome.

Sommario

I disturbi cardio-vascolari e respiratori sono piuttosto rari nella sclerosi multipla, anche se possono comparire nella fase terminale della malattia. Sono stati descritti episodi di deficit acuto nella ventilazione polmonare; questi episodi sono spesso accompagnati da deficit neurologici focali, che sono espressione di localizzazioni della malattia a livello del bulbo. Lesioni bulbari demielinizzanti in grado di alterare la funzione cardiovascolare sono rare, ma quando si verificano esse possono indurre bradicardia, ipotensione ortostatica o edema polmonare acuto senza deficit della funzione cardiaca. Noi presentiamo un caso di edema polmonare acuto non cardiogeno, non tossico e non infettivo, ma che appare come la manifestazione iniziale di una sindrome demielinizzante multifocale.

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Gentiloni, N., Schiavino, D., Della, C.F. et al. Neurogenic pulmonary edema: a presenting symptom in multiple sclerosis. Ital J Neuro Sci 13, 435–438 (1992). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02312151

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02312151

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