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Crop water requirements for rainfed and irrigated rice (Paddy) in China

Wasserbedarf für den Ertrag von beregneten und bewässerten Reisfeldern in China

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Summary

A parametric crop water use and yield model was used to calculate temporal and spatial water consumption for rice for the region of China and Korea. The objective was to investigate evapotranspiration (ET) demand and associated irrigation water application strategies for irrigated and rainfed crop production. A network of 241 stations provided the seasonal climatic input consisting of data averaged over approximately a 20 year period. Highest ET under full irrigation (first harvest) was observed in the northwestern, northcentral, and southwestern inland sections of China, whereas least ET occurred in son hcentral China. In order to achieve optimum crop yields, over 1000 mm of irrigation water was needed in the northwest and southwest, in contrast to about 500 mm in southcentral China. The number of required irrigations exceeded eight per growing season in the western and central interior, the edges of the Tibetan Plateau, and the south China littoral. A brief sensitivity analysis was conducted to determine the degree of error introduced by faulty or uncertain station input data.

Zusammenfassung

Ein parametrisches Modell für den Wasserbedarf und Ertrag von Feldfruchtpflanzungen wird zur Berechnung des zeitlichen und räumlichen Wasserbedarfs für Reisfelder in China und Korea angewendet. Das Ziel war, die Evapotranspirationsanforderung und die Strategie einer zusätzlichen Bewässerungsanwendung für die beregnete und bewässerte Feldfruchtproduktion zu untersuchen. Ein Netz von 241 Stationen lieferte die jahreszeitlichen über ungefähr 20 Jahre gemittelten Klimawerte. Die größte Evapotranspiration bei voller Bewässerung wurde in nordwestlichen, zentralen nördlichen und südwestlichen Abschnitten Chinas beobachtet, während die kleinste Evapotranspiration im zentralen südlichen China auftrat. Um optimale Ernteerträge zu erreichen, war im Nordwesten und Südwesten Bewässerungswasser über 1000 mm erforderlich, im zentralen südlichen China aber nur 500 mm. Die Anzahl der erforderlichen Bewässerungen überschritt 8 pro Wachstumszeit im westlichen und zentralen Inneren, am Rande des Plateaus von Tibet und im südlichen Küstengebiet von China. Eine kurzgefaßte Analyse wurde zur Bestimmung des Grades der durch mangelhafte oder unsichere Daten verursachten Fehler durchgeführt.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Geography, University of California, 90024, Los Angeles, CA, USA

    W. H. Terjung, J. T. Hayes, H. -Y. Ji, P. A. O’Rourke & P. E. Todhunter

Authors
  1. W. H. Terjung
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  2. J. T. Hayes
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  3. H. -Y. Ji
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  4. P. A. O’Rourke
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  5. P. E. Todhunter
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Additional information

Visiting Scholar, Zhongshan (Sun Yatsen) University, Guangehou (Canton), Peoples Republic of China.

Dr. O’Rourke is a Visiting Scholar at UCLA from Litton Systems, Inc., Data Systems Division.

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Terjung, W.H., Hayes, J.T., Ji, H.Y. et al. Crop water requirements for rainfed and irrigated rice (Paddy) in China. Arch. Met. Geoph. Biocl., Ser. B 34, 181–202 (1984). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02275683

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