Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Annual variations in brain serotonin and related compounds of domesticated rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

  • Published:
Fish Physiology and Biochemistry Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The levels of tryptophan (Trp), 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin, 5-HT) and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) in two brain regions (hypothalamus and medulla oblongata) of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were measured throughout the year using a sensitive high performance liquid chromatographic method with electrochemical detection. Trp was also quantified in serum, liver and brain regions. Trp concentrations were higher in sera than in tissues (brain and liver) throughout the year. Hypothalamic and medullary Trp offered similar annual patterns showing two peaks, the first on 10 May and the second on 15 June. 5-HT levels were always higher in the hypothalamus than in the medulla and much higher than the 5-HIAA levels in both regions. Moreover hypothalamic and medullar serotonin patterns were very different, in the latter region few variations were observed. In addition, the 5-HIAA/5-HT ratio was different in the brain regions, the hypothalamus showed two peaks (April 8 and June 15) whereas the equivalent was not observed in the medulla. All measured compounds showed significant variations during the year.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References cited

  • Aldegunde, M., Miguez, I. and Veira, J. 1985. Effects of pinealectomy on regional brain serotonin metabolism. Int. J. Neuroscience 26: 9–13.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bloxam, D.L. and Curzon, G. 1978. A study of proposed determinants of brain tryptophan concentration in rats after portocaval anastomosis or sham operation. J. Neurochem. 31: 1255–1263.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bloxan, D.L. and Warren, W.H. 1974. Error in the determination of brain tryptophan concentration in rats after portocaval anastomosis or sham operation. Anal Biochem. 60: 621–625.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Curzon, G., Joseph, M.H. and Knott, P.J. 1972. Effects of immobilisation and food deprivation on rat brain tryptophan metabolism. J. Neurochem. 19: 1967–1974.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Curzon, G., Kantamaneni, B.D., Fernando, J.C., Woods, M.S. and Cavanagh, J.B. 1975. Effects of chronic portocaval anatomosis on brain tryptophan, tyrosine and 5-hydroxytryptamine. J. Neurochem. 24: 1065–1070.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Frankenhuis-van den Heuvel, T.H.M. and Nieuwenhuys, R. 1984. Distribution of serotonin immunoreactivity in the diencephalon and mesencephalon of the trout,Salmo gairdneri. Anat. Embryol. 169: 193–204.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gessa, G.L., Tagliamonte, A. 1974. Serum free tryptophan: control of brain concentration of tryptophan and of synthesis of 5-hydroxytryptamine.In Ciba Foundation Symposium 22 (New series). Aromatic Amino Acids in the Brain. pp. 207–216. Edited by G.E.W. Wolstenholm and D.W. Fitzsimons. Elsevier, Amsterdam.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gonnet, F., Barret, A., Grouselle, D. and Prunet, P. 1989. Hypothalamic control of prolactin release in the rainbow trout,Salmo gairdneri: in vitro studies. Fish Physiol. Biochem. 7: 301–308.

    Google Scholar 

  • Héry, F., Rouer, E. and Glowinski, J. 1972. Daily variations of serotonin metabolism in the rat brain. Brain Res. 43: 445–465.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Höckel, S.H.J., Müller, W.E.C. and Wollert, U. 1978. Regional distribution of high-affinity L-tryptophan uptake in rat brain. Neurosci. Lett. 8: 65–70.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Holdway, D.A., Sloley, B.D., Munkittrick, K.R., Downer, R.G.H. and Dixon, D.G. 1988. Effect of gender and reproductive status on brain catecholamine and indolamine levels of flagfish (Jordanella floridae). Fish Physiol. Biochem. 5: 153–158.

    Google Scholar 

  • Johnston, S.A., Maler, L. and Tinner, B. 1990. The distribution of serotonin in the brain ofApteronotus leptorhynchus: an inmunohistochemical study. J. Chem. Neuroanatomy 3: 429–465.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kah, O. and Cambolle, P. 1983. Serotonin in the brain of the goldfish,Carassius auratus. An immunohistochemical study. Cell Tiss. Res. 234: 319–333.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kah, O., Cambolle, P., Dubourg, P. and Dubois, M.P. 1984. Inmunohistochemical localization of LH-RH in the brain of the goldfish. Gen. Comp. Endocrinol. 53: 107–116.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ketola, H.G. 1982. Amino acid nutrition of fishes: Requirements and supplementation of diets. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 73B: 17–24.

    Google Scholar 

  • Khan, I.A. and Joy, K.P. 1990. Differential effects of photoperiod and temperature on hypothalamic monoaminergic activity in the teleostChanna punctatus (Bloch). Fish Physiol. Biochem. 8: 291–297.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kim, Y.S., Stunpf, W.E. and Sar, M. 1978. Topography of estrogen target cells in the forebrain of the goldfish Carasius auratus. J. Comp. Endocrinol. 182: 611–620.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kiss, J. and Halasz, B. 1985. Serotoninergic axons terminating on luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone neurons in the preoptic area of the rat using a combination of inmunocytochemistry and high resolution autoradiography. Neuroscience 14: 69–78.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Knott, P.J. and Curzon, G. 1974. Effect of increased rat brain tryptophan on 5-hydroxytryptamine and 5-hydroxyindoleactic acid in the hypothalamus and other brain regions. J. Neurochem. 22: 1065–1071.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Martin, F. and Aldegunde, M. 1989. Simple high-performance liquid chromatographic method with electrochemical detection for the determination of indoleamines in tissue and plasma. J. Chromatogr. 491: 221–225.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mazeaud, M., Elghozi, J., Laude, D. and Le Quan-Sang, K. 1985. Effects of saltwater adaptation on serotonin metabolite concentration in the cerebrospinal fluid of rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri). Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 82C: 109–113.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Miguez, J., Martin, F. and Aldegunde, M. 1991a. Differential effects of pinealectomy on Amygdala and Hippocampus serotonin metabolism. J. Pineal Res. 10: 100–103.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Miguez, J., Martin, F., Miguez, I. and Aldegunde, M. 1991b. Long-term pinealectomy alters hypothalamic serotonin metabolism in the rat. J. Pineal Res. (In press).

  • Moir, A.T.B. and Eccleston, D. 1968. The effects of precursor loading in the cerebral metabolism of 5-hydroxyindoles. J. Neurochem. 15: 1093–108.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Neff, N.H., Spano, P.F., Groppetti, A., Wang, C.T. and Costa, E. 1971. A simple procedure for calculating the synthesis rate of norepinephrine, dopamine, and serotonin in rat brain. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 176: 701–710.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Olcese, J., Darr, C., DeMuri, B., Hall, T.R. and De Vlaming, V. 1980. Photoperiod effects on hypothalamic serotonergic activity in the goldfish,Carassius auratus. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 66A: 363–365.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Olcese, J., Hall, T.R., Figueroa, H.R. and De Vlaming, V. 1981. Pinealectomy and melatonin effects of daily variations of hypothalamic serotoninergic system in the goldfish. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 70A: 69–72.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Parent, A. 1981. Comparative anatomy of the serotoninergic systems. J. Physiol. 77: 147–156.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pouliot, T., De la Noüe, J. and Roberge, A.G. 1988. Influence of diet and hypoxia on brain serotonin and catecholamines in rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri). Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 89C: 57–64.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pouliot, T., De la Noüe, J. 1989. Feed intake, digestibility and brain neurotransmitters of rainbow trout under hypoxia. Aquaculture 79: 317–327.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rey, P., Rozas, G., Alfonso, M., Rebolledo, E. and Aldegunde, M. 1990a. Utilization de un kit comercial de radioinmunoensayo para medir los niveles séricos de cortisol en la trucha arco irisO. mykiss. Niveles durante el periodo de esmoltificacion.In Proc. Third Nat. Congr. Aquaculture. pp. 249–253. Santiago, Spain.

  • Rey, P., Rozas, G., Andrés, M.D., Aldegunde, M. and Rebolledo, E. 1990b. Gill ATPases activities in domesticated rainbow troutSalmo gairdneri at different times of the year. J. Interdisc. Cycle Res. 21: 65–74.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rozados, M.V., Veira, J., Andrés, M.D., Rebolledo, E. and Aldegunde, M. 1990. Hypothalamic serotoninergic activity in relation to gender and reproductive status in the rainbow troutSalmo gairdneri.In Recent Advances in Growth and Reproduction. pp. 111–118. Edited by L.F. De la Cruz. Serv. Publ. Univ. Santiago.

  • Rozas, G., Rey, P., Rozados, V., Andrés, M.D., Rebolledo, E. and Aldegunde, M. 1989a. Pineal gland interaction with ATPase activity of osmoregulatory organs inSalmo gairdneri. J. Endocrinol. Invest. 12 (Suppl. 2): 88.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rozas, G., Rey, P., Rozados, V., Andrés, M.D., Rebolledo, E. and Aldegunde, M. 1989b. Brain serotoninergic metabolism. Effects of melatonin and long photoperiod in theSalmo gairdneri.In Abstracts XIth Int. Symp. Comp. Endocrinol. Malaga.

  • Rozas, G., Rey, P. Otero, J., Rebolledo, E., Andrés, M.D. and Aldegunde, M. 1990a. Changes in brain serotonin metabolism induced by ascending dynamic photoperiod in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Neuroendocrinology 52 (Suppl. 1): 55.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rozas, G., Rey, P., Andrés, M.D., Rebolledo, E. and Aldegunde, M. 1990b. Distribution of 5-hydroxytryptamine and related compounds in various brain regions of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Fish Physiol. Biochem. 8: 501–506.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schreibman, M.P., Pertschuk, L.P., Painford, E.A., Margolis-Kazan, H., Gelber, S.J. 1982. The histochemical localization of steroid binding sites in the pituitary gland of a teleost (the platyfish). Cell Tiss. Res. 226: 523–530.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sebert, P., Barthelemy, L. and Caroff, J. 1985. Serotonin levels in fish brain: effects of hydrostatic pressure and water temperature. Experientia 41: 1429–1430.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sloley, B.D., Cunjak, R.A., Power, G. and Downer, R.G.H. 1986. The influence of sex and spawning on levels of tryptophan, serotonin and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid in the brains of wild brook trout,Salvelinus fontinalis. J. Fish. Biol. 29: 663–669.

    Google Scholar 

  • Smythe, G.A., Duncan, M.W., Bradshaw, J.E. and Cai, W.Y. 1982. Serotoninergic control of growth hormone secretion: Hypothalamic dopamine, norepinephine and serotonin levels and metabolism in three hyposomatotropic rat models and in normal rats. Endocrinology 110: 376–383.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Somoza, G.M. and Peter, R.E. 1991. Effects of serotonin on Gonadotropin and growth hormone release fromin vitro perifused goldfish pituitary fragments. Gen. Comp. Endocrinol. 82: 103–110.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Terlou, M., Ekengren, B. and Hiemstra, K. 1978. Localization of monoamines in the forebrain of two salmonid species, with special reference to hypothalamo-hypophyseal system. Cell Tiss. Res. 190: 417–434.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tuomisto, J. and Männistö, P. 1985. Neurotransmitter regulation of anterior pituitary hormones. Pharmacol. Rev. 37: 249–332.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Walton, M.J., Coloso, R.M., Cowey, C.B., Adren, J.W. and Knox, D. 1984. The effects of dietary tryptophan levels on growth and metabolism of rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) Br. J. Nutr. 51: 279–287.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Yates, C.A. and Herbert, J. 1976. Differential circadian rythms in pineal and hypothalamic 5-HT induced by artificial photoperiod or melatonin. Nature. Lond. 262: 219–220.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Yuwillier, A., Olendorf, W.H., Geller, E. and Braun, L. 1977. Effect of albumin binding and amino acid competition on tryptophan uptake into brain. J. Neurochem. 28: 1015–1023.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Fisiología, Laboratorio de Fisiología Animal, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 15706, Santiago, Galicia, Spain

    G. Rozas, P. Rey, M. V. Rozados, E. Rebolledo & M. Aldegunde

Authors
  1. G. Rozas
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. P. Rey
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. M. V. Rozados
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. E. Rebolledo
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. M. Aldegunde
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Rozas, G., Rey, P., Rozados, M.V. et al. Annual variations in brain serotonin and related compounds of domesticated rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Fish Physiol Biochem 9, 463–471 (1992). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02274227

Download citation

  • Accepted:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02274227

Keywords

Search

Navigation