Summary
Taurine influx is inhibited and taurine efflux accelerated when the cell membrane of Ehrlich ascites tumor cells is depolarized. Taurine influx is inhibited at acid pH partly due to the concomitant depolarization of the cell membrane partly due to a reduced availability of negatively charged free carrier. These results are in agreement with a 2Na, 1Cl, 1taurine cotransport system which is sensitive to the membrane potential due to a negatively charged empty carrier. Taurine efflux from Ehrlich cells is stimulated by addition of LTD4 and by swelling in hypotonic medium. Cell swelling in hypotonic medium is known to result in stimulation of the leukotriene synthesis and depolarization of the cell membrane. The taurine efflux, activated by cell swelling, is dramatically reduced when the phospholipase A2 is inhibited indirectly by addition of the anti-calmodulin drug pimozide, or directly by addition of RO 31-4639. The inhibition is in both cases lifted by addition of LTD4. The swelling-induced taurine efflux is also inhibited by addition of the 5-lipoxygenase inhibitors ETH 615-139 and NDGA. It is concluded that the swelling-induced activation of the taurine leak pathway involves a release of arachidonic acid from the membrane phospholipids and an increased oxidation of arachidonic acid into leukotrienes via the 5-lipoxygenase pathway. LTD4 seems to act as a second messenger for the swelling induced activation of the taurine leak pathway either directly or indirectly via its activation of the Cl− channels, i.e., via a depolarization of the cell membrane.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Barnard, J.A., Thaxter, S., Kikuchi, K., Ghishan, F.K. 1988. Taurine transport by rat intestine.Am. J. Physiol. 254:G334-G338
Bucuvalas, J.C., Goodrich, A.L., Suchy, F.J. 1987. Hepatic taurine transport: a Na+-dependent carrier on the basolateral plasma membrane.Am. J. Physiol. 253:G351-G358
Cashman, J.R. 1985. Leukotriene biosynthesis inhibitor.Pharm. Res. 6:253–261
Chamberlin, M.E., Strange, K. 1989. Anisosmotic cell volume regulation: A comparative view.Am. J. Physiol. 257:C159-C173
Chesney, R.W., Gusowski, N., Dabbagh, S., Theissen, M., Padilla, M. and Diehl, A. 1985. Factors affecting the transport ofβ-amino acids in rat renal brush-border membrane vesicles. The role of external chloride.Biochim. Biophys. Acta 812:702–712
Christensen, H.N. 1962. Some special kinetic problems of transport.Adv. Enzymol. 32:1–20
Christensen, H.N., Hess, N., Riggs, T.R. 1954. Concentration of taurine,β-alanine and triiodothyronine by ascites tumor carcinoma cells.Cancer Res. 13:124–127
Christensen, H.N., Liang, M.J. 1966. On the nature of the ‘non-saturable’ migration of amino acids into Ehrlich cells and into rat jejunum.Biochim. Biophys. Acta 112:524–531
Craven, P.A., DeRubertis, F.R. 1983. Ca2+ calmodulin-dependent release of arachidonic acid for renal medullary prostaglandin synthesis.J. Biol. Chem. 258:4814–4823
Grynkiewicz, G., Poenie, M., Tsien, R.Y. 1985. Anew generation of Ca2+ indicators with greatly improved fluorescence properties.J. Biol. Chem. 260(6):3440–3450
Heinz, E., Sommerfeld, D.L., Kinne, R.K.H. 1988. Electrogenicity of sodium/l-glutamate cotransport in rabbit renal brushborder membranes: a reevaluation.Biochimica Biophysica Acta 937:300–308
Henderson, L.M., Chappell, J.B. and Jones, T.G. 1989. Superoxide generation is inhibited by phospholipase A2 inhibitors. Role for phospholipase A2 in the activation of the NADPH oxidase.Biochem. J. 264:249–255
Hoffmann, E.K., Hendil, K.B. 1976. The role of amino acids and taurine in isosmotic intracellular regulation in Ehrlich ascites mouse tumour cells.J. Comp. Physiol. 108:279–286
Hoffmann, E.K., Kolb, K. 1991. Mechanisms of activation of regulatory volume responses after cell swelling.In: Advances in Comparative and Environmental Physiology. Volume and Osmolality Control in Animal Cells. R.G. Gilles, E.K. Hoffmann, and L. Bolis, editors.9 :140–177
Hoffmann, E.K., Lambert, I.H. 1983. Amino acid transport and cell volume regulation in Ehrlich ascites tumour cells.J. Physiol. 338:613–625
Hoffmann, E.K., Lambert, I.H., Simonsen, L.O. 1986. Separate, Ca2+-activated K+ and Cl− transport pathways in Ehrlich ascites tumor cellsJ. Membrane Biol. 91:227–244
Hoffmann, E.K., Lambert, I.H. and Simonsen, L.O., 1988. Mechanisms in volume regulation in Ehrlich ascites tumor cells.Renal Physiol. and Biochem. 3-5:221–247
Hoffmann, E.K., Simonsen, L.O., Lambert, I.H. 1984. Volume-induced increase of K+ and Cl− permeabilities in Ehrlich ascites tumor cells. Role of internal Ca2+.J. Membrane Biol. 78:211–222
Hoffmann, E.K., Simonsen, L.O., Sjøholm, C. 1979. Membrane potential, chloride exchange, and chloride conductance in Ehrlich mouse ascites tumor cells.J. Physiol. 296:61–84
Kirstein, D., Thomsen, M.K., and Ahnfelt-Rønne, I. 1991. Inhibition of leukotriene biosynthesis and polymorphonuclear leukocyte functions by orally active quinolylmethoxyphenylamines.Pharmacol. Toxicol. 68:125–130
Kramhøft, B., Lambert, I.H., Hoffmann, E.K. 1988. Na+/H+ exchange in Ehrlich ascites tumor cells: Activation by cytoplasmatic acidification and by treatment with cupric sulphate.J. Membrane Biol. 102:35–48
Kromphardt, H. 1963. Die Aufnahme von Taurine in Ehrlich-Ascites Tumorzellen.Biochem. Z. 339:233–254
Kromphardt, H. 1965. Zur pH-Abhängigkeit des Transports neutraler Aminosäuren in Ehrlich-Ascites-Tumorzellen.Biochem. Z. 343:283–293
Lambert, I.H., 1984. Na+-dependent taurine uptake in Ehrlich ascites tumour cells.Mol. Physiol. 6:233–246
Lambert, I.H., 1985. Taurine transport in Ehrlich ascites tumour cells. Specificity and chloride depdendence.Mol. Physiol. 7:323–332
Lambert, I.H. 1989. Leukotriene-D4 induced cell shrinkage in Ehrlich ascites tumor cells.J. Membrane Biol. 108:165–176
Lambert, I.H., Hoffmann, E.K. 1982. Amino acid metabolism and protein turnover under osmotic conditions in Ehrlich ascites tumor cells.Mol. Physiol. 2:273–286
Lambert, I.H., Hoffmann, E.K. 1991. The role of phospholipase-A2 and 5-lipoxygenase in the activation of K and Cl channels and the taurine leak pathway in Ehrlich ascites tumor cell.Acta Physiol. Scand. 143(1):33A
Lambert, I.H., Hoffmann, E.K., Christensen, P. 1987. Role of prostaglandins and leukotrienes in volume regulation by Ehrlich ascites tumor cells.J. Membrane Biol. 98:247–256
Lambert, I.H., Hoffmann, E.K., Jørgensen, F. 1989. Membrane potential, anion and cation conductance in Ehrlich ascites tumor cells.J. Membrane Biol. 111:113–132
Laris, P.C., Pershadsingh, H.A., Johnstone, R.M., 1976. Monitoring membrane potentials in Ehrlich ascites tumor cells by means of a fluorescence dye.Biochim. Biophys. Acta 436:475–488
Law, R.O. 1991. Amino acids as volume-regulatory osmolytes in mammalian cells.Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 99A(3):263–277
Livine, A., Hoffmann, E.K. 1990. Cytoplasmatic acidification and activation of Na+/H+ exchange during regulatory volume decrease in Ehrlich ascites tumor cells.J. Membrane Biol. 114:153–157
Lowry, O.H., Rosenbrough, N.J., Farr, A.L., Randall, R.J. 1951. Protein measurement with the folin phenol reagent.J. Biol. Chem. 193:265–275
Olea, R.S., Pasantes-Morales, H., Lázaro, A., Cereijido, M. 1991. 0smolarity-sensitive release of free amino acids from cultured kidney cell (MDCK).J. Membrane Biol. 121:1–9
Pasantes-Morales, H., Schousboe, A. 1988. Volume regulation in astrocytes: A role for taurine as osmoeffector.J. Neurosci. Res. 20:505–509
Philo, R.D., Eddy, A.A. 1978. The membrane potential of mouse ascites-tumor cells studied with the fluorescent probe 3,3′-dipropyloxadicarbocyanine.Biochem. J. 174:801–810
Simonsen, L.O., Brown, A.M., Christensen, S., Harbak, H., Svane, P.C., Hoffmann, E.K. 1990. Thrombin and bradykinin mimic the volume response induced by cell swelling in Ehrlich mouse ascites tumor cells.Renal Physiol. Biochem. 13:176
Solis, J.M., Herranz, A.S., Herreras, O., Menedez, N., Martin del Rio, R. 1990. Weak organic acids induce taurine release through an osmotic-sensitive process inin vivo rat hippocampus.J. Neurosci. Res. 26:159–167
Valdeolmillos, M., Garcia-Sancho, J., Herreros, B. 1986. Differential effects of transmembrane potential on two Na+-dependent transport systems for neutral amino acids.Biochim. Biophys. Acta 858:181–187
Van den Bosch, H. 1980. Intracellular phospholipase A.Biochim. Biophys. Acta 604:191–246
Wade, J.V., Olson, J.P., Samson, F.E. Nelson, S.R., Pazdernik, T.L. 1988. A possible role for taurine in osmoregulation with the brainJ. Neurochem. 51:740–745
Wolff, N.A., Kinne, R. 1988. Taurine transport by rabbit kidney brush-border membranes: Coupling to sodium, chloride and the membrane potential.J. Membrane Biol. 102:131–139
Wolff, N.A., Perlman, D.F., Goldstein, L. 1986. Ionic requirements of peritubular taurine transport in Fundulus kidney.Am. J. Physiol. 250:R984-R990
Zelikovic, I., Stejskal-Lorenz, E., Lohstroh, P., Budreau, A., Chesney, R.W. 1989. Anion dependence of taurine transport by rat renal brush-border membrane vesicles.Am. J. Physiol. 256:F646-F655
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Lambert, I.H., Hoffmann, E.K. Regulation of taurine transport in Ehrlich ascites tumor cells. J. Membrain Biol. 131, 67–79 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02258535
Received:
Revised:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02258535