Summary
In a greenhouse experiment the growth of asparagus seedlings was retarded by the residue treatments in both vermiculite and sand cultures. In general, the retardation of asparagus root by residues was slightly greater than the retardation of shoot in both cultures. The retardation of the growth of asparagus seedlings by root and stem treatments was usually higher than that by old root litter. Root and stem extracts strongly inhibited the development of asparagus seedlings in the seed bioassay. The inhibition of extracts to the growth of shoot was greater than that to the growth of root. The quantities in the total phenolics and catachol type phenolics from root, stem and old root litter extracts corresponded to the autotoxicity in the seed bioassay. The soil extracts obtained from using acetone, methanol, and XAD-4 extractions strongly inhibited the shoot and root development of asparagus seedlings in the bioassay. The efficiency of phenolics extraction by the XAD-4 method was significantly higher than that by acetone and methanol extractions. The results obtained in the greenhouse experiment and bioassay revealed that phytotoxic substances present in the residues and the soil of asparagus and may be partially responsible for the asparagus replanting problems.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
AOAC 1970 Official Methods of Analysis of the Association of Official Analytical Chemist, W. Horowitz, ed., Washington, D.C. 154 p.
Chen W Y 1978 Study on improvement of asparagus decline and production problem. Proc. 2nd Symp. Asparagus Res. Taiwan, National Chung Hsing Univ., 17–25 p.
Chou C H and Lin H J 1976 Autointoxication mechanism ofOryza sativa I. Phytotoxic effects of decomposing rice residues in soil. J. Chem. Ecol. 2, 353–367.
Chou C H and Muller C H 1972 Allelopathic mechanisms ofArctostaphylos glandulosa var. zacaensis. Am. Midl. Nat. 88, 324–347.
Chou C H and Young C C 1975 Phytotoxic substances in twelve subtropical grasses. J. Chem. Ecol. 1, 183–193.
Chou C H, Chiang Y C and Cheng H H 1981 Autointoxication mechanism ofOryza sativa III. Effect of temperature on phytotoxin production during rice straw decomposition in soil. J. Chem. Eco. 7, 741–752.
Endo R M and Burkholder E C 1971 The association ofFusarium moniliforme with the crown root complex of asparagus. Phytopathology 61, 891.
Grogan R G and Kimble K A 1959 The association of Fusarium wilt with the asparagus decline and replant problem in California. Phytopathology 49, 122–125.
Hsueh C C, Li C F and Wang Y Y 1972 Colorimetric method for the determination of phenolic acids. Annual Report of Taiwan Sugar Research Institute, 60/61, 124–125.
Huang P M, Wang T S C, Wang M K, Wu M H and Hsu N W 1977 Retention of phenolic acids by noncrystalline hydroxyaluminum and-iron compounds and clay minerals of soils. Soil Sci. 123, 213–219.
Hung L 1974 The asparagus decline and replant problem in Taiwan. J. Chinese Soc. Hort. Sci. 20, 63–70.
Hung L 1978 Asparagus breeding. Proc. 2nd Symp. Asparagus Res. Taiwan, National Chung Hsing Univ. 133–154 p.
Kononova M M 1966 Soil Organic Matter, Pergamon Press, London. 360 p.
McKey D, Waterman P G, Mbi C N, Gartlan J S and Struhsaker T T 1978 Phenolic content of vegetation in two African rain forests: Ecological implications. Science 202, 61–64.
Rice E L 1974 Allelopathy. Academic Press, New York.
Russell E W 1973 Soil Conditions and Plant Growth, Longman Group Limited, London, 280–281 p.
Swain T 1979 Phenolics in the environment.In Biochemistry of Plant Phenolics. Recent Advances in Phytochemistry 12, Plenum Press, New York, 617–640 p.
Tang C S and Young C C 1982 Collection and identification of allelopathic compounds from the undisturbed root system of bigalta limpograss. Plant Physiol. 69, 155–160.
Tu C C and Change K F 1978 Studies on Fusarial wilt and root disease complexes of asparagus in Taiwan. Proc. 2nd Symp. Asparagus Res. Taiwan, National Chung Hsing Univ. 293–306 p.
Wang C S 1974 Experiment on the determination of economical productive period for asparagus. Ann. Rep. Asparagus officinalis L. Exp. 1971 and 1972, Taipei DAIS, 14–15 p.
Wang T S C, Yang T K and Chuang T T 1967 Soil phenolic acids as plant growth inhibitors. Soil Sci. 103, 239–246.
Whittaker R H and Feeny P P 1971 Allelochemics: Chemical interactions between species. Science 171(3973), 757–770.
Yang H J 1982 Autotoxicity ofAsparagus officinalis L. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 107, 860–862.
Young C C and Bartholomew D P 1981 Allelopathy in a grasslegume association: I. Effect ofHemarthria altissima (Poit.) Stapf. and Hubb. root residues on theDesmodium intortum (Mill.) Urb. andHemarthria altissima in a tropical soil. Crop Sci. 21, 770–774.
Young C C 1983 Phytotoxic effect in a diploid and a tetraploid pasture. Food and Fertilizer Technology Center, Technical Bulletin 75, 1–9.
Young C C and Song S C 1983 Adsorption of chlorophenoxy herbicides in the lowland and upland soils and recovery efficiency by resin extraction. J. Chinese Agric. Chem. Soc. 21, 224–230.
Young C C and Tang C S 1984 Recovery of phenolic acids by Amberlite XAD-4 resin from tropical soils. Proc. Natl. Sci. Counc. B. ROC 8, 26–29.
Young C C 1984 Resin extraction of chlorophenoxy herbicides from soils. Proc. Natl. Sci. Counc. B. ROC 8, 119–123.
Young C C 1984 Autointoxication in root exudates ofAsparagus officinalis L. Plant and Soil 82, 247–253.
Young C C 1984 Non polar macroretecular resin to recover phenolic acids from a subtropical latosol. Soil Biology Biochemistry 16, 377–380.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Young, C.C., Chou, T.C. Autointoxication in residues ofAsparagus officinalis L.. Plant Soil 85, 385–393 (1985). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02220193
Received:
Revised:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02220193