Abstract
Phytoremediation is an eco-friendly and economical technology in which plants are used for the removal of contaminants presents in the urban and rural environment. One of the challenges of the technique is the proper destination of the biomass of plants. In this context, the use of ornamental plants in areas under contamination treatment improves landscape, serving as a tourist option and source of income with high added value. In addition to their high stress tolerance, rapid growth, high biomass production, and good root development, ornamental species are not intended for animal and human food consumption, avoiding the introduction of contaminants into the food web in addition to improving the environments with aesthetic value. Furthermore, ornamental plants provide multiple ecosystem services, and promote human well-being, while contributing to the conservation of biodiversity. In this review, we summarized the main uses of ornamental plants in phytoremediation of contaminated soil, air, and water. We discuss the potential use of ornamental plants in constructed buffer strips aiming to mitigate the contamination of agricultural lands occurring in the vicinity of sources of contaminants. Moreover, we underlie the ecological and health benefits of the use of ornamental plants in urban and rural landscape projects. This study is expected to draw attention to a promising decontamination technology combined with the beautification of urban and rural areas as well as a possible alternative source of income and diversification in horticultural production.
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References
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Funding
This research was financed in part by the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior—Brasil (CAPES)—Financial Code 001, and Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq, Brazil)—Financial Code 406190/2018–6. M.P. Gomes received research productivity scholarship from CNPq.
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C.S.R and M.P.G conceptualization. C.S.R, D.C.R, L.Y.K., D.M.C, M.V.R, and M.P.G writing – original draft. M.P.G funding acquisition and project administration. D.M.C, M.V.R, and M.P.G supervision. C.S.R and M.P.G writing – review & editing.
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Rocha, C.S., Rocha, D.C., Kochi, L.Y. et al. Phytoremediation by ornamental plants: a beautiful and ecological alternative. Environ Sci Pollut Res 29, 3336–3354 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-17307-7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-17307-7