Summary
Ellobius lutescens, a vole, has a diploid number of 17 in both sexes. This was determined in the testes (♂) and in the bone-marrow (♀). The number is the lowest ever seen in an eutherian mammal and falls wide of the formulae of the otherMicrotinae.
Unless the myeloblastic cell line eliminates oneX-chromosome in the female, which seems very unlikely, we have to deal with an entirely new type of sex-determination.
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References
K. Oguma, Cytologica5, 796 (1937).
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Matthey, R. Un nouveau type de chromosomes sexuels chez un mammifère. Experientia 10, 18 (1954). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02158330
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02158330