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Oxidation characteristics of Ti3Al-Nb alloys and improvement in the oxidation resistance by pack aluminizing

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Abstract

The oxidation behavior of three Ti3-Al-Nb alloys: Ti-25Al-11Nb, Ti-24Al-20Nb, and Ti-22Al-20Nb was investigated in the temperature range of 700–900°C in air. The uncoated alloy Ti-25Al-11Nb showed the lowest weight gain with nearly parabolic oxidation rate; while the other two alloys had much higher weight gain, accompanied by excessive oxide scale spalling. The scale analysis, using XRD, SEMIEDAX, and AES revealed that the scale was a mixture of TiO2, Al2O3, and Nb2O5 with the outer layer rich in TiO2. The effect of variation in Al and Nb content on the oxidation behavior is discussed. A decrease in Al content of the alloy adversely affects the oxidation resistance; and it seems that a Nb content as high as 20 at.% is also not beneficial. Hence these alloys, especially Ti-24Al-20Nb and Ti-22Al-20Nb, should not be used in the as-received condition above 750°C. An attempt was made to improve the oxidation resistance of these alloys by pack aluminizing which led to the formation of an Al rich TiAl3 surface layer doped with Nb. The coating process was gaseous-diffusion controlled with a parabolic Al deposition rate. The weight gains for the aluminized alloy specimens oxidized at 900°C in air were much lower than that of the uncoated specimens. The weight gains were further decreased in the case of Si-modified aluminized specimens. The scale analysis revealed an alumina-rich scale with some amount of titania doped with Nb. The improvement in the oxidation resistance of the pack-aluminized alloys at 900°C is attributable to the formation of the alumina-rich oxide scale. The addition of Si to the aluminizing pack seems to promote further the growth of an alumina-rich scale by lowering the oxygen partial pressure in the system.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Corrosion Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, 400 076, Bombay, India

    S. K. Jha & A. S. Khanna

  2. Regional Sophisticated Instrumentation Center, Indian Institute of Technology, 400 076, Bombay, India

    C. S. Harendranath

Authors
  1. S. K. Jha
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  2. A. S. Khanna
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  3. C. S. Harendranath
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Jha, S.K., Khanna, A.S. & Harendranath, C.S. Oxidation characteristics of Ti3Al-Nb alloys and improvement in the oxidation resistance by pack aluminizing. Oxid Met 47, 465–493 (1997). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02134787

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