Summary
In adrenalectomized rats the effect of i.v. injection of glucose and ATP on insulin changes in external jugular vein was determined in normal and alloxan diabetic animals.
In another set of experiments the direct effect of ATP on insulin secretion was investigated. Glucose and ATP were injected in the carotid artery and the blood samples were withdrawn from the portal vein.
In these experiments there was immediate and excessive production of insulin release in the portal vein after ATP injection in the carotid artery.
In alloxan diabetic rats, despite the high blood glucose levels, the plasma insulin was low and did not respond to glucose stimulation.
ATP could increase the sensitivity of the diabetic rats to glucose.
The possible role of purinergic nerves in insulin secretion is discussed.
It is concluded that multiple innervation of the islets by purinergic, cholinergic and adrenergic nerves, regulate insulin secretion.
It is suggested that:
-
1.
Purinergic nerve stimulation is more specific for insulin secretion.
-
2.
ATP is considered the principal transmitter released from purinergic nerves causing insulin secretion.
-
3.
The insulin stimulatory effect normally produced by glucose is through purinergic nerves.
-
4.
It could be possible that one of the causes of diabetes is a defect in the purinergic innervation of the islet cells thus the sensitivity of the islets to glucose is decreased.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Allen, F. M.: J. Metab. Res.1, 53 (1922).
Bennett, T., J. L. S. Cobb: Z. Zellforsch. Mikrosk. Anat.99, 109 (1969).
Banting, F. G., S. Gairns: Am. J. Physiol.68, 24 (1924).
Burnstock, G., N. C. R. Merrillees: Proc. Inter. Pharmacol. Meeting, 2nd, Prague, 1963, vol. 6, P. 1–17 (London 1964).
Burnstock, G., G. Campbell, D. G. Satchell, A. Smythe: Brit. J. Pharmacol.40, 668 (1970).
Burnstock, G.: Nature229, 282 (1971).
Burnstock, G.: Pharmacol. Rev.24, 509 (1972).
Burnstock, G.: The purinergic nerve hypothesis. In: Purine and Pyrimidine Metabolism, Ciba Foundation Symposium No. 48, p. 295 (Amsterdam 1977).
Burnstock, G., T. Cocks, K. Crowe, L. Kasakov: Brit. J. Pharmacol.63, 125 (1978).
Burnstock, G., T. Cocks, L. Kasakov, Helen Wong: Europ. J. Pharmacol.49, 145 (1978).
Cerasi, E., R. Luft, Suad Efendic: Diabetes21, 224 (1972).
Chowers, I., S. Lavy, L. Halpern: Neurol.14, 383 (1966).
Coore, H. G., P. J. Randle: Biochem. J.93, 66 (1964).
Drupre, J.: Lancet1964/II, 672.
Drury, A. N.: Physiol. Rev.16, 292 (1936).
Eccles, J. C.: The Physiology of Synapses (Berlin 1964).
Elrick, H. et al.: J. Clin. Endocrinol.24, 1076 (1964).
Esterhuizen, A. C., T. L. B. Spriggs, J. D. Lever: Diabetes17, 33 (1968).
Grodsky, G. M., L. L. Bennett: Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med.114, 769 (1963).
Hellman, B., L. A. Idahl, M. K. Danielsson: Diabetes18, 509 (1969).
Kaneto, A., K. Kodaka, K. Nakao: Endocrinol.80, 530 (1967).
Köhler, P.: Laboratoriums Z. Ges. inn. Med.17, 674 (1962).
Larkins, Martine (Melbourne): Nature New Biology235, 85 (1972).
Lazarus, S. S., H. Barden, M. Bradshaw: Amer. Med. Ass. Arch. Pathol.73, 210 (1962).
Legg, P. G.: Z. Zellforsch.80, 307 (1967).
Malaisse, W. J., F. Malaisse-Lagae, D. Mayhew: J. Clin. Invest.46, 1724 (1967).
Malaisse, W., F. Malaisse-Lagae, P. H. Wright: Endocrinol.80, 99 (1967).
Malaisse, W. J., F. Malaisse-Lagae, P. H. Wright, J. Ashmore: Endocrinol.80, 975 (1967).
Mayhew, D. A., A. M. Goldberg, P. H. Wright: Diabetes17, 308 (1968).
Mayhew, D. A., P. H. Wright, J. Ashmore: Pharm. Rev.21, 183 (1969).
McIntyre, N., C. D. Holdsworth, D. S. Turner: J. Clin. Endocrinol.25, 1317 (1965).
Moller, R. E., J. L. Whittenberger: Fed. Proc.27, 565 (1968).
Porte, D., Jr.: Arch. Intern. Med.123, 252 (1969).
R. Candela, J. L., M. C. Garcia-Fernandez: Nature197, 1210 (1963).
R. Candela, J. L., D. Martin-Hernandez, T. Castilla-Cortazar: Nature197, 1304 (1963).
Richardson, K. C.: Am. J. Anat.114, 173 (1964).
Samols, E., J. A. Ryder: J. Clin. Invest.40, 2092 (1961).
Satchell, D. G., G. Burnstock: Biochem. Pharmacol.20, 1694 (1971).
Scrutton, M. C., M. F. Mter: Ann. Rev. Biochem.37, 249 (1968).
Seltzer, H. S.: Ann. Int. Med.60, 715 (1964).
Shorr, S. S., F. E. Bloom: Z. Zellforsch.103, 12 (1970).
Soeldner, J. S. et al.: Proc. Endocrine Society Meeting Abstract No. 92 (1965).
Su, C., J. A. Bevan, G. Burnstock: Science173, 336 (1971).
Sussman, K. E., G. D. Vaughan, R. F. Timmer: Metabolism15, 466 (1966).
Tahani, H., M. Ziegler: Ain Shams Med. J.25, 395 (1974).
Tahani, H., Y. A. Habib: Ain Shams. Med. J.26, 33 (1975).
Williams, R. H., J. W. Ensinck: Diabetes15, 623 (1966).
Woods, S. G., D. Porte Jr.: Physiol. Reviews54, 596 (1974).
Wright, P. H., D. R. Makulu, D. Vichick, K. E. Sussman: Diabetes20, 33 (1971).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Tahani, H.M. The purinergic nerve hypothesis and insulin secretion. Z Ernährungswiss 18, 128–138 (1979). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02023727
Received:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02023727