Summary
Satietin, a 50,000 dalton anorectic glycoprotein, was isolated from human serum. Its isoelectric point is 7.0. It contains 14–15% amino acids and 70–75% carbohydrates. Its biological activity survives digestion with proteases and boiling.
Satietin is a highly potent anorectic substance. The intra-cerebroventricular administration of 10–20 μg satietin suppresses food intake in rats during the first day of feeding after deprivation of food for 96 hours to half of the amount eaten by untreated controls (ID50). The onset of the effect can be detected within 30 minutes, the peak effect is reached within an hour. The effect lasts 24–30 hours.
Satietin acts both in intravenous and subcutaneous administration (ID50=0.5–0.75 mg/kg) in rats deprived of food for 96 hours. The peak effect is reached within an hour and lasts for 24 hours.
In contrast to the anorectic drugs in clinical use and to the endogenous anorectic substances (like cholecystokinin and calcitonin) satietin proved to be highly selective in suppressing food intake.
Since satietin is widely distributed in the world of vertebrates, its concentration in the blood is amazingly high, its site of effect is in the central nervous system and it induces satiety without having any other detectable central or peripheral effect, the hypothesis was forwarded that satietin may play the role of a rate limiting blood-borne satiety signal in the negative feed-back of food intake, i.e., serving as the essential chemical link connecting the gastrointestinal tract and the brain in the regulation of feeding.
Zusammenfassung
Satietin ist ein stark anorektisch wirksames Glykoprotein, das aus dem menschlichen Serum isoliert wurde und ein Molekulargewicht von 50 000 Dalton aufweist. Sein isoelektrischer Punkt liegt bei 7,0. Satietin enthält 10–15% Aminosäuren und 70–75 % Kohlenhydrate. Seine biologische Aktivität widersteht der Wirkung von Proteasen und einer Hitzeinaktivierung.
Nach intrazerebroventrikulärer Gabe von 10–20 μg Satietin vermindert dieses bei Ratten, die 96 Stunden nicht gefüttert wurden, die Nahrungsaufnahme während des ersten Tages der Fütterung auf die Hälfte unbehandelter Kontrollen (ID50). Die Wirkung tritt innerhalb von 30 Minuten ein und erreicht nach einer Stunde ihr Maximum. Die Wirkungsdauer beträgt 24–30 Stunden.
Satietin wirkt sowohl intravenös als auch subkutan verabreicht (ID50=0,5–0,75 mg/kg) bei Ratten, die 96 Stunden gefastet haben. Der maximale Effekt ist inner-halb einer Stunde erreicht und dauert über 24 Stunden an. Im Gegensatz zu anorektisch wirksamen Medikamenten und endogenen Substanzen wie Cholezystokinin und Kalzitonin besitzt Satietin eine hohe Selektivität auf die Nahrungsaufnahme.
Satietin wurde bei vielen Vertebraten nachgewiesen, weist eine hohe Blutkonzentration auf und entfaltet seine Wirkung auf das Appetitzentrum ohne sonstige zentral bzw. periphervenös nachweisbare Wirkungen. Es wurde daher die Hypothese aufgestellt, daß Satietin ein Blut-Sättigungssignal mit einer entscheidenden Rolle in der negativen Rückkoppelung der Nahrungsaufnahme darstellt.
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Knoll, J. Satietin, a blood-borne anorectic glycoprotein, as the putative rate-limiting satiety signal in the negative feed-back of food intake. Z Ernährungswiss 23, 85–103 (1984). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02021684
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02021684