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Relation of enzyme release and ATP content in digoxin-intoxicated guinea-pig hearts

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Summary

The isolated perfused, glycoside-intoxicated guinea-pig heart was used to investigate an eventual relation of myocardial ATP contents and drug-induced enzyme release. Digoxin in a concentration of 1.28 μmol/l produced ventricular fibrillation and an extensive decrease of the myocardial ATP content, followed by the release of great activities of the cytosolic enzyme creatine kinase (CK).

Normal control hearts, perfused for the same times (20 min; 1 h; 3 h), maintained their ATP contents, and released only small enzyme activities. When ventricular fibrillation was evoked electrically in control hearts, a considerable enzyme release and decrease of the myocardial ATP contents was obtained, too. These effects were, however, significantly smaller than in the glycoside-intoxicated hearts.

A dissociation between the loss of ATP and the CK release in digoxin-intoxicated hearts was obtained with dexamethasone. Whereas the enzyme release was significantly decreased, the loss of ATP was not. The calcium antagonistic drug verapamil had no significant effects on ATP contents or CK release in the glycoside-intoxicated hearts.

No support was obtained for the idea that the digoxin effects were mainly due to cardiac catecholamine liberation. β-blocking agents (propranolol, practolol, metoprolol) had no antagonistic effects. And the catecholamine contents in digoxinintoxicated hearts were not different from those in control hearts.

The findings are discussed in view of the assumption that retention and leakage of intracellular enzyme molecules are closely related to the energy metabolism of the myocardial cells.

Zusammenfassung

Am isoliert perfundierten, glykosidvergifteten Meerschweinchenherzen wurde geprüft, ob eine Beziehung zwischen der pharmakoninduzierten Enzymfreisetzung und dem myokardialen ATP-Gehalt besteht. Digoxin in einer Konzentration von 1,28 μmol/l führte zu Kammerflimmern, starkem Abfall des ATP-Gehaltes und zur Freisetzung sehr großer Aktivitäten des Enzyms Kreatinkinase in die Perfusionsflüssigkeit. Bei normalen Kontrollherzen wurde bei gleicher Perfusionsdauer (20 min; 1 h; 3 h) nur eine geringe Enzymfreisetzung gefunden, und die myokardiale ATP-Konzentration wurde weitgehend aufrechterhalten. Wurde bei Kontrollherzen Kammerflimmern elektrisch ausgelöst, so kam es ebenfalls zu beträchtlicher Enzymfreisetzung und ATP-Schwund, die jedoch signifikant geringer waren als bei den glykosidvergifteten Herzen.

Mit Dexamethason konnte die digoxinbedingte Enzymfreisetzung signifikant vermindert werden; der ATP-Schwund wurde jedoch nicht antagonisiert. Der Kalziumantagonist Verapamil beeinflußte die Enzymfreisetzung und die Abnahme des ATP-Gehaltes glykosidvergifteter Herzen nicht.

Für eine wesentliche, ursächliche Beteiligung einer kardialen Katecholaminfreisetzung an den Digoxineffekten ergab sich kein Anhalt. β-Blocker hatten keinen antagonistischen Effekt. Ferner unterschieden sich die Katecholamingehalte der glykosidvergifteten Herzen nicht von denjenigen normaler Kontrollherzen.

Die Befunde werden im Hinblick auf die Annahme diskutiert, daß die Mechanismen der Retention und Freisetzung intrazellulärer Enzyme eng mit dem Energiestoffwechsel der Herzmuskelzellen verbunden sind.

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Bernauer, W. Relation of enzyme release and ATP content in digoxin-intoxicated guinea-pig hearts. Basic Res Cardiol 77, 449–459 (1982). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02005344

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