Abstract
Four dominating species of fruit-fliesDacus zonatus, D. cucurbitae, D. dorsalis andD. ciliatus are widely distributed throughout Pakistan. They cause heavy damage to ripe and semi-ripe fruits and vegetables annually in our country. A natural attractant of plant origin, i.e., from Tulsi (Ocimum sanctum L.) was isolated and extracted in PCSIR Laboratories Complex, Karachi, with a view to applying for the control of fruit-flies. Different extracts of roots, stems, flowers, seeds, bark, and leaves were prepared in chloroform, acetone, ethylene chloride, ethanol, and ethyl acetate; and were tested for trapping fruit-flies in specially designed traps under different field conditions. A cotton pad (0.3 mg) treated with 0.25 ml of leaves extract in ethyl acetate is found to be a potent attractant for luring and trapping the fruit-flies (Dacus spp.) from a distance of 0.8 km. Methyl eugenol used as a standard attractant also gave the same results.
Zusammenfassung
Vier dominierende Fruchtfliegenarten,Dacus zonatus, D. cucurbitae, D. dorsalis undD. ciliatus sind in Pakistan weit verbreitet und richten an Früchten oft schwere Schäden an. Aus verschiedenen Teilen der Tulsi-Pflanze (Ocimum sanctum L.) mit verschiedenen Lösungsmitteln gewonnene Extrakte wurden hinsichtlich ihrer Anlockwirkung auf die Fruchtfliegen unter Verwendung spezieller Fallen im Freiland getestet. Als am wirksamsten zeigte sich ein Blattextrakt (0,25 ml in 0,3 mg Baumwolle), der auf eine Entfernung von bis zu 800m die Fliegen anlockte. Das als Vergleichsmittel verwendete Methyleugenol führte zu etwa dem gleichen Ergebnis. Der Tulsi-Blattextrakt ist somit zur Überwachung und Bekämpfung der Fruchtfliegen gut brauchbar.
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Roomi, M.W., Abbas, T., Shah, A.H. et al. Control of fruit-flies (Dacus spp.) by attractants of plant origin. Anz. Schadlingskde., Pflanzenschutz, Umweltschutz 66, 155–157 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01983029
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01983029