Abstract
A thin-film thermometric device was used to record the temperature profiles of the exothermic reactions occurring between various substituted benzenes and anhydrous nitric acid. A comparison of the profiles indicated that the extent of exothermicity and the rate of heat evolution depend on the substituent/s on the benzene ring. The initial reaction was identified as nitration, which is accompanied by other exothermic reactions, especially in systems leading to ignition. The profiles of the self-igniting systems, amine-HNO3 and amine-N2O4, suggest that, apart from their individual exothermicities, the specific nature of the fuel-oxidizer reaction also plays an important role in the onset of ignition.
Zusammenfassung
Zur Aufzeichnung der Temperaturprofile bei exothermen Reaktionen zwischen verschiedenen substituierten Benzolen und wasserfreier Salpetersäure wurde eine dünnschichtthermometrische Apparatur benutzt. Ein Vergleich dieser Profile ergab die Abhängigkeit der Exotbermizität und auch der Wärmeentwicklungsgeschwindigkeit von dem (den) Substituent(en) am Benzolring. Als Initiierungsreaktion wurde eine Nitrierung festgestellt, die — besonders bei Systemen, die sich entzünden — von anderen exothermen Reaktionen begleitet wird. Die Profile der selbstzündenden Systeme Amin-HNO3 und Amin-N2O4 lassen darauf schließen, daß außer der jeweiligen Exothermizität auch die besondere Natur der Reaktion zwischen Brennstoff und Sauerstoffträger eine bedeutende Rolle für das Einsetzen der Entzündung spielt.
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We gratefully acknowledge the financial support received by the ISRO-IISc Space Technology Cell, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, during the investigation.
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Jain, S.R., Mimani, T. Temperature profiles of reactive biliquid systems prior to ignition. Journal of Thermal Analysis 36, 2393–2406 (1990). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01913637
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01913637