Skip to main content
Log in

Effects of perfusion pressure on coronary flow, myocardial Ca2+-washout, and the occurrence of calcium paradox in isolated perfused rat heart ventricles

Einfluß des Perfusionsdrucks auf Koronardurchblutung, myokardiale Ca2+-Ausschwemmung und Eintritt eines “Ca2+-Paradox” beim isolierten, perfundierten Rattenventrikel

  • Original Contributions
  • Published:
Basic Research in Cardiology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Summary

The influence of perfusion pressure (5–8 kPa) on coronary flow and myocardial Ca2+-washout during Ca2+-free perfusion, and on the occurrence of calcium paradox after subsequent Ca2+-reperfusion, was studied in isolated, stimulated, rat heart ventricles.

During the Ca2+-free perfusion period (3 min) the following changes were observed: 1. Rapid cessation of ventricular contractions. 2. A pressure-dependent increase in diastolic rest tension. 3. A pressure-dependent increase in coronary flow rate. 4. A pressure-dependent increase in myocardial Ca2+-washout.

Upon Ca2+-reperfusion all hearts failed to recover fully and the incidence of complete loss of ventricular contractility (“complete calcium paradox”) increased with increasing perfusion pressure. Furthermore, a clear relationship between coronary flow and effluent-Ca2+-concentration (during Ca2+-free perfusion) and the occurrence of calcium paradox (upon Ca2+-reperfusion) was observed.

The results suggested that the processes underlying the calcium paradox mechanism are influenced by the perfusion pressure, mainly via an effect on coronary flow during the Ca2+-free perfusion phase and through this effect on the rate and extent of myocardial Ca2+-washout.

Zusammenfassung

Am isolierten, stimulierten Rattenherzventrikel wurde der Einfluß des Perfusionsdruckes (5–8 kPa) auf die Koronardurchblutung und die Ca-Ausschwemmung während der Ca2+-freien Perfusion, sowie auf das Vorkommen des “Ca2+-Paradox” (Calcium paradox) nach darauffolgender Ca2+-Reperfusion untersucht.

Während der Ca2+-freien Perfusion (3 min) waren folgende Veränderungen zu verzeichnen: 1. Ein schneller Verlust der kontraktilen Ventrikelaktivität. 2. Eine druckabhängige Zunahme der Koronarstromstärke. 3. Eine druckabhängige Zunahme der diastolischen Spannung. 4. Eine druckabhängige Zunahme der Ca2+-Ausschwemmung aus dem Myokard.

Nach der Ca2+-Reperfusion waren die Herzen nicht imstande, sich völlig zu erholen. Die Häufigkeit eines völligen Verlustes der Ventrikelkontraktilität (“complete calcium paradox”) nahm mit steigendem Perfusionsdruck zu. Außerdem wurden eine Beziehung zwischen der koronaren Stromstärke, der Ca2+-Konzentration der ausströmenden Flüssigkeit (während der Ca2+-freien Perfusionsphase) und dem Vorkommen des “Ca2+-Paradox” (nach Ca2+-Reperfusion) beobachtet.

Aufgrund der Resultate ist anzunehmen, daß die für den Mechanismus des Ca2+-Paradox verantwortlichen Prozesse durch den herrschenden Perfusionsdruck beeinflußt werden, hauptsächlich über dessen Effekt auf die koronare Stromstärke während der Ca2+-freien Perfusionsphase und damit über Geschwindigkeit und Ausmaß der myokardialen Ca2+-Ausschwemmung.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Arnold, G., F. Kosche, E. Miessner, A. Neitzert, W. Lochner: The importance of perfusion pressure in the coronary arteries for the contractility and oxygen consumption of the heart. Pflügers Arch.299, 339–356 (1968).

    Google Scholar 

  2. Diem, K., C. Lentner: Wissenschaftliche Tabellen (Basel 1968).

  3. Domenech, R. J., J. M. De La Prida: Mechanical effects of heart contraction on coronary flow. Cardiovasc. Res.9, 509–514 (1975).

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Ganote, C. E., R. Seabra-Gomes, W. G. Nayler, R. B. Jennings: Irreversible myocardial injury in anoxic perfused rat hearts. Amer. J. Pathol.80, 419–450 (1975).

    Google Scholar 

  5. Ganote, C. E., J. Worstell, J. P. Kaltenbach: Oxygen-induced enzyme release after irreversible myocardial injury; Effects of cyanide in perfused rat hearts. Amer. J. Pathol.80, 327–350 (1975).

    Google Scholar 

  6. Guyton, A. C.: Textbook of medical physiology, 386–396 (Philadelphia 1976).

  7. Halpern, M. H.: The dual blood supply of the rat heart. Amer. J. Anat.101, 1–16 (1957).

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Hearse, D. J., S. M. Humphrey, G. R. Bullock: The oxygen paradox and the calcium paradox: Two facets of the same problem? J. Mol. Cell. Cardiol.10, 641–668 (1978).

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Hearse, D. J., S. M. Humphrey, W. G. Nayler, A. Slade, D. Border: Ultrastructural damage associated with reoxygenation of the anoxic myocardium. J. Mol. Cell. Cardiol.7, 315–324 (1975).

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Jennings, R. B., C. E. Ganote: Structural changes in myocardium during acute ischemia. Circ. Res.34/35, Suppl. III, 156–172 (1974).

    Google Scholar 

  11. Kloner, R. A., C. E. Ganote, D. A. Whalen, R. B. Jennings: Effect of a transient period of ischemia on myocardial cells: II. Fine structure during the first few minutes of reflow. Amer. J. Pathol.74, 399–422 (1974).

    Google Scholar 

  12. Langendorff, O.: Untersuchungen am überlebenden Säugetierherzen. Pflügers Arch.61, 291–332 (1895).

    Google Scholar 

  13. Ruigrok, T. J. C., F. J. A. Burgersdijk, A. N. E. Zimmerman: The calcium paradox: A reaffirmation. Eur. J. Cardiol.3, 59–63 (1975).

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Russel, R. E., R. W. Chagrasulis, J. M. Downey: Inhibitory effect of cardiac contraction on coronary collateral blood flow. Amer. J. Physiol.; Heart Circ. Physiol.2, H541-H546 (1977).

    Google Scholar 

  15. Schaper, J., F. Herhlein, M. Schlepper, K.-U. Thiedemann: Ultrastructural alterations during ischemia and reperfusion in human hearts during cardiac surgery. J. Mol. Cell. Cardiol.9, 175–189 (1977).

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Weisfeldt, M. L., N. W. Shock: Effect of perfusion pressure on coronary flow and oxygen usage of nonworking heart. Amer. J. Physiol.218, 95–101 (1970).

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Whalen, D. A., D. G. Hamilton, C. E. Ganote, R. B. Jennings: Effect of transient period of ischemia on myocardial cells: I. Effects on cell volume regulation. Amer. J. Pathol.74, 381–399 (1974).

    Google Scholar 

  18. Yates, J. C., N. S. Dhalla: Structural and functional changes associated with failure and recovery of hearts after perfusion with Ca2+-free medium. J. Mol. Cell. Cardiol.7, 91–103 (1975).

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Zimmerman, A. N. E., W. Daems, W. C. Hülsmann, J. Snijder, D. Durrer: Morphological changes of heart muscle caused by successive perfusion with calcium-free and calcium-containing solutions (calcium paradox). Cardiovasc. Res.1, 201–209 (1967).

    Google Scholar 

  20. Zimmerman, A. N. E., W. C. Hülsmann: Paradoxical influence of calcium ions on the permeability of the cell membranes of the isolated rat heart. Nature211, 646–647 (1966).

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Additional information

With 6 figures

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Koomen, J.M., Jager, L.P. & van Noordwijk, J. Effects of perfusion pressure on coronary flow, myocardial Ca2+-washout, and the occurrence of calcium paradox in isolated perfused rat heart ventricles. Basic Res Cardiol 75, 318–327 (1980). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01907580

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01907580

Keywords

Navigation