Abstract
Nirenberg's classification system and the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) combined with restriction enzyme digestion of an amplified ribosomal DNA fragment, were compared for the characterization of sixty isolates ofPseudocercosporella herpotrichoides, from various geographical areas and with differing fungicide sensitivity. With Nirenberg's system, it was possible to identify most isolates asP. herpotrichoides var.herpotrichoides orP. herpotrichoides var.acuformis. However, identification was slow and sometimes inconclusive as overlap occurred between the two varieties for all criteria examined. Molecular markers identified two distinct types among the isolates tested and generally good correlation was found between the PCR-based assay and Nirenberg's system, but the molecular assay was more accurate and faster.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Belkhiri A and Dick MW (1988) Comparative studies on the DNA ofPythium species and some possibly related taxa. J. gen. Microbiol. 134: 2673–2683
Cavelier N and Le Page D (1985) Caractéristiques des souches dePseudocercosporella herpotrichoides (Fron) Deighton (agent du piétin-verse des céréales) résistantes aux fongicides benzimidazoles et thiophanates: pouvoir pathogène, capacité de développement. Premières Journées d'Etudes sur les Maladies des Plantes, Versailles, Annales ANPP 1: 49–56
Cavelier N, Rousseau M and Le Page D (1987) Variabilité dePseudocercosporella herpotrichoides, agent du piétin-verse des céréales: comportementin vivo de deux types d'isolats et d'une population en mélange. Z. Pflanzenkr. Pflanzenschutz 94(6): 590–599
Chen W, Hoy JW and Schneider RW (1992) Species-specific polymorphisms in transcribed ribosomal DNA of fivePythium species. Experiment. Mycol. 16: 22–34
Creighton NF (1989) Identification of W-type and R-type isolates ofPseudocercosporella herpotrichoides. Plant Pathol. 38: 484–493
Creighton NF, Cavelier N and Fitt BDL (1989) Pathogenicity to wheat and rye ofPseudocercosporella herpotrichoides isolates from France and the U.K. Mycol. Res. 92(1): 13–17
Cubeta MA, Echandi E, Abernethy T and Vilgalys R (1991) Characterization of anastomosis groups of binucleateRhizoctonia species using restriction analysis of an amplified ribosomal RNA gene. Phytopathology 81(11): 1395–1400
Frei U and Wenzel G (1993) Differentiation and diagnosis ofPseudocercosporella herpotrichoides (Fron) Deighton with genomic DNA probes. J. Phytopathol. 139: 229–237
Gac ML (1991) Etude de la variabilité dePseudocercosporella herpotrichoides (Fron) Deighton, agent du piétin-verse des céréales par la technique PCR. D.E.A., Université de Nantes, 28 pp.
Gallimore K, Knights IK and Barnes G (1987) Sensitivity ofPseudocercosporella herpotrichoides to the fungicide prochloraz. Plant Pathol. 36: 290–296
Goulds A and Fitt BDL (1988) The comparative epidemiology of eyespot (Pseudocercosporella herpotrichoides) types in winter cereal crops. Proceedings of the Brighton Crop Protection Conference — Pests and Diseases 8C-29: 1035–1040
Henson JM, Goins T, Grey W, Mathre DE and Elliott ML (1993) Use of polymerase chain reaction to detectGaeumannomyces graminis DNA in plants grown in artificially and naturally infested soil. Phytopathology 83(3): 283–287
Hollins TW, Scott PR and Paine JR (1985) Morphology, benomyl resistance and pathogenicity to wheat and rye of isolates ofPseudocercosporella herpotrichoides. Plant Pathol. 34: 369–379
Johanson A and Jeger MJ (1993) Use of PCR for detection ofMycosphaerella fijiensis andM. musicola, the causal agents of Sigatoka leaf spots in banana and plantain. Mycol. Res. 97(6): 670–674
Julian AM and Lucas JA (1990) Isozyme polymorphism in patho-types ofPseudocercosporella herpotrichoides and related species from cereals. Plant Pathol. 39: 178–190
King JE and Griffin MJ (1985) Survey of benomyl resistance inPseudocercosporella herpotrichoides on winter wheat and barley in England and Wales in 1983. Plant Pathol. 34: 272–283
Lange-de la Camp M (1966a) Die Wirkungsweise vonCercosporella herpotrichoides Fron, dem Erreger der Halmbruchkrankheit des Getreides. I. Feststellung der Krankheit. Beschaffenheit und Infektionsweise ihres Erregers. Phytopathol. Z. 55: 34–66
Lange-de la Camp M (1966b) Die Wirkungsweise vonCercosporella herpotrichoides Fron, dem Erreger der Halmbruchkrankheit des Getreides. II. AggressivitÄt des Erregers. Phytopathol. Z. 56: 155–190
Lee SB, Milgroom MG and Taylor JW (1988) A rapid, high yield mini-prep method for isolation of total genomic DNA from fungi. Fungal Gen. Newsl. 35: 23–24
Leroux P and Gredt M (1985) Caractéristiques des souches dePseudocercosporella herpotrichoides, agent du piétin-verse des céréales, résistantes à des inhibiteurs de la biosynthèse des stérols. C. R. Acad. Sc. Paris sér. III, 301(17): 785–788
Leroux P and Gredt M (1988) Caractérisation des souches dePseudocercosporella herpotrichoides, agent du piétin-verse des céréales résistantes à des substances antimitotiques et à des inhibiteurs de la biosynthèse des stérols. Agronomie 8(8): 719–729
Leroux P and Marchegay P (1991) Caractérisation des souches dePseudocercosporella herpotrichoides, agent du piétin-verse des céréales, résistantes au prochloraze, isolées en France sur blé tendre d'hiver. Agronomie 11(9): 767–776
Maraite H, Delforge C, Meunier S and Tetelain A (1985) Distribution of MBC-resistance inPseudocercosporella herpotrichoides on winter wheat in Belgium. Meded. Fac. Landbouwwet. Rijksuniv. Gent 50(3b): 1173–1180
Mauler A and Fehrmann H (1987) Erfassung der AnfÄlligkeit von Weizen gegenüberPseudocercosporella herpotrichoides. I. Untersuchungen zur PathogenitÄt verschiedener Formen des Erregers. Z. Pflanzenkr. Pflanzenschutz 94(6): 630–636
Nazar RN, Hu X, Schmidt J, Culham D and Robb J (1991) Potential use of PCR-amplified ribosomal intergenic sequences in the detection and differentiation of verticillium wilt pathogens. Physiol. Mol. Plant Pathol. 39: 1–11
Nicholson P, Hollins TW, Rezanoor HN and Anamthawat-Jonsson K (1991) A comparison of cultural, morphological and DNA markers for the classification ofPseudocercosporella herpotrichoides. Plant Pathol. 40: 584–594
Nicholson P and Rezanoor HN (1994) The use of random amplified polymorphic DNA to identify pathotype and detect variation inPseudocercosporella herpotrichoides. Mycol. Res. 98(1): 13–21
Nicholson P, Rezanoor HN and Hollins TW (1993) Classification of a world-wide collection of isolates ofPseudocercosporella herpotrichoides by RFLP analysis of mitochondrial and ribosomal DNA and host range. Plant Pathol. 42: 58–66
Nirenberg HI (1981) Differenzierung der Erreger der Halmbruchkrankheit. I. Morphologie. Z. Pflanzenkr. Pflanzenschutz 88(5): 241–248
Nirenberg HI (1984) Differenzierung der Erreger der Halmbruchkrankheit. II. Physiologische Reaktionen in Kultur. Z. Pflanzenkr. Pflanzenschutz 91(3): 225–235
Poupard P, Simonet P, Cavelier N and Bardin R (1993) Molecular characterization ofPseudocercosporella herpotrichoides isolates by amplification of ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacers. Plant Pathol. 42: 873–881
Priestley RA, Dewey FM, Nicholson P and Rezanoor HN (1992) Comparison of isoenzyme and DNA markers for differentiating W-, R- and C-pathotypes ofPseudocercosporella herpotrichoides. Plant Pathol. 41: 591–599
Sanders PL, De Waard MA and Loerakker WM (1986) Resistance to carbendazim inPseudocercosporella herpotrichoides from Dutch wheat fields. Neth. J. Plant Pathol. 92: 15–20
Schesser K, Luder A and Henson JM (1991) Use of polymerase chain reaction to detect the take-all fungus,Gaeumannomyces graminis, in infected wheat plants. Appl. environ. Microbiol. 57(2): 553–556
Scott PR and Hollins TW (1980) Pathogenic variation inPseudocercosporella herpotrichoides. Ann. appl. Biol. 94: 297–300
Scott PR, Hollins TW and Muir P (1975) Pathogenicity ofCercosporella herpotrichoides to wheat, barley, oats and rye. Trans. br. mycol. Soc. 65(3): 529–538
Stammler G and Seemüller E (1993) Specific and sensitive detection ofPhytophthora fragariae var.rubi in raspberry roots by PCR amplification. Z. Pflanzenkr. Pflanzenschutz 100(4): 394–400
Takeuchi T and Kuninaga S (1994) Genetic relationships inPseudocercosporella herpotrichoides determined from DNA relatedness. Mycol. Res. 98(9): 1059–1064
Thomas D, Maraite H and Boutry M (1992) Identification of rye- and wheat-types ofPseudocercosporella herpotrichoides with DNA probes. J. gen. Microbiol. 138: 2305–2309
Ward E and Akrofi AY (1994) Identification of fungi in theGaeumannomyces-Phialophora complex by RFLPs of PCR-amplified ribosomal DNAs. Mycol. Res. 98(2): 219–224
White TJ, Bruns T, Lee S and Taylor J (1990) Amplification and direct sequencing of fungal ribosomal RNA genes for phylogenetics. In: Innis MA, Gelfand DH, Sninsky JJ and White TJ (eds) PCR Protocols: A Guide to Methods and Applications (pp. 315–322). Academic Press, San Diego
Xue B, Goodwin PH and Annis SL (1992) Pathotype identification ofLeptosphaeria maculans with PCR and oligonucleotide primers from ribosomal internal transcribed spacer sequences. Physiol. Mol. Plant Pathol. 41: 179–188
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Gac, M.L., Montfort, F., Cavelier, N. et al. Comparative study of morphological, cultural and molecular markers for the characterization ofPseudocercosporella herpotrichoides isolates. Eur J Plant Pathol 102, 325–337 (1996). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01878127
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01878127