Abstract
The effect of long-term culture of fish cells in mammalian serum on the phospholipid fatty acid composition was investigated. All the cell lines studied had much lower levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) than those found in intact fish tissues. In particular (n-3) PUFA were considerably depleted in the cultured cell lines, leading to very low (n-3)/(n-6) ratios in all the phospholipid classes. In general the cells were rich in 18:1, 16:0, 18:0 and 16:1 with 20:4(n-6) and 22:6(n-3) as the major PUFA. The fatty acid composition reflected the composition of the fetal calf serum added to the media rather than their fish tissue origins. The results were discussed in relation to the roles of PUFA in general cell metabolism and more specifically the role of (n-3) PUFA in fish cells.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References cited
Ackman, R.G. 1980. Fish lipids, part 1.In Advances in Fish Science and Technology. pp 86–103. Edited by J.J., Connel. Fishing News Books Ltd. Farnham, Surrey, U.K.
Bailey, J.M. and Dunbar, L.M. 1973. Essential fatty acid requirements of cells in tissue culture: A review. Exp. Mo. Path. 18: 142–161.
Bailey, J.M., Howard, B.V., Dunbar, L.M. and Tillman, S.F. 1972. Control of lipid metabolism in cultured cells. Lipids 7: 125–134
Bell, M.V., Simpson, C.M.F., and Sargent, J.R. 1983. (n-3) and (n-6) polyunsaturated fatty acids in the phosphoglycerides of salt-secreting epithelia from two marine fish species. Lipids 18: 720–726.
Bell, M.V., Henderson, R.J., Pirie, B.J.S. and Sargent, J.R. 1985. Effects of dietary polyunsaturated fatty acid deficiencies on mortality, growth and gill structure in the turbot,Scophthalmus maximus. J. Fish Biol. 26: 181–191.
Burr, G.O. and Burr, M.M. 1930. The nature and role of the fatty acids essential in nutrition. J. Biol. Chem. 86: 587–621.
Chester, D.W., Tourtellotte, M.E., Melchior, D.L. and Romano, A.M. 1986. The influence of saturated fatty acid modulation of bilayer physical state on cellular and membrane structure and function. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 860: 383–398.
Christie, W.W. 1982. Lipid Analysis 2nd Edition. Pergamon Press, Oxford.
Folch, J., Lees, M. and Sloane Stanley, G.H. 1957. A simple method for the isolation and purification of total lipids from animal tissues. J. Biol. Chem. 226: 497–509.
Fraser, A.J., Tocher, D.R. and Sargent, J.R. 1985. Thin-layer chromatography-flame ionisation detection and the quantitation of marine neutral lipids and phospholipids. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 88: 91–99.
Gravell, M. and Malsberger, R.G. 1965. A permanent cell line from the fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas). Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 126: 555–565.
Greene, D.H.S. and Selivonchick, D.P. 1987. Lipid metabolism in fish. Prog. Lipid Res. 26: 53–85.
Henderson, R.J. and Tocher, D.R. 1987. The lipid composition and biochemistry of freshwater fish. Prog. Lipid Res. 26: 281–347.
Nicholson, B.L. and Byrne, C. 1973. An established cell line from the Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). J. Fish. Res. Bd. Can. 30: 913–916.
Nelson, J.S. 1984. Fishes of The World, 2nd Edition, John Wiley and Sons, New York.
Rosenthal, M.D. 1987. Fatty acid metabolism of isolated mammalian cells. Prog. Lipid Res. 26: 87–124.
Sargent, J.R. 1976. The structure metabolism and function of lipids in marine organisms.In Biochemical and Biophysical Perspectives in Marine Biology. Vol. 3. pp. 149–212. Edited by D.C. Malins and J.R. Sargent. Academic Press, New York
Sargent, J.R. and Whittle, K.J. 1981. Lipids and hydrocarbons in the marine food web.In Analysis of Marine Ecosystems. pp. 491–533. Edited by A.R. Longhurst., Academic Press London.
Sargent, J.R., Henderson, R.J. and Tocher, D.R. 1987. Lipids.In Fish Nutrition, 2nd Edition Edited by J.E. Halver. Academic Press, New York. (In press).
Spector, A.A., Mathur, S.N., Kaduce, T.L. and Hyman, B.T. 1981. Lipid nutrition and metabolism of cultured mammalian cells. Prog. Lipid Res. 19: 155–186.
Tinoco, J. 1982. Dietary requirements and functions of α-linolenic acid in animals. Prog. Lipid Res. 21: 1–46.
Tocher, D.R. and Sargent, J.R. 1984. Analyses of lipids and fatty acids in ripe roes of some northwest European marine fish. Lipids 19: 492–499.
Tocher, D.R., Webster, A. and Sargent, J.R. 1986. Utilization of porcine pancreatic phospholipase A2 for the preparation of a marine fish oil enriched in (n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids. Biotech. appl. Biochem. 8: 83–95.
Watanabe, T. 1982. Lipid nutrition in fish. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 73B: 3–15.
Wolf, K. and Quimby, M.C. 1962. Established eurythermic line of fish cellsin vitro. Science 135: 1065–1066.
Wolf, K. and Quimby, M.C. 1967. Low-temperature incubation using a water supply. Appl. Microbiol. 15: 1501.
Wolf, K. and Quimby, M.C. 1969. Fish cell and tissue culture.In: Fish Physiology. Vol. III. pp. 253–305. Edited by W.S. Hoar and D.J. Randall. Academic Press, New York.
Wolf, K., Gravell, M. and Malsberger, R.G. 1966. Lymphocystis virus: Isolation and propagation in centrarchid fish cell lines. Science 151: 1004–1005.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Tocher, D.R., Sargen, J.R. & Frerichs, G.N. The fatty acid compositions of established fish cell lines after long-term culture in mammalian sera. Fish Physiol Biochem 5, 219–227 (1988). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01874799
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01874799