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Effect of antidiuretic hormone on water and solute permeation, and the activation energies for these processes, in mammalian cortical collecting tubules

Evidence for parallel ADH-sensitive pathways for water and solute diffusion in luminal plasma membranes

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Summary

The present studies were designed to assess the ways in which antidiuretic hormone (ADH) alters water and solute permeation across isolated, rabbit cortical collecting tubules. In earlier work, it was observed: that ADH produced a tenfold increment inP f (cm per sec), the osmotic water permeability coefficient, and a fourfold increment inP D w (cm per sec), the diffusional water permeability coefficient; that small hydrophilic solutes such as urea, thiourea and acetamide (each having oil/water partition coefficients≦0.0008) had vanishingly low permeation coefficients and unity reflection coefficients, even in the presence of ADH; that lumen to bath osmosis involved a transcellular route; and, that the disparity betweenP f andP D w, either with or without ADH, could be rationalized in terms of cellular diffusion constraints, i.e., that water transport across luminal membranes was diffusional.

The present experiments evaluated the effects of ADH on diffusion of moderately lipophilic solutes (e.g., butyramide, isobutyramide, and antipyrine, each solute having an oil/water partition≧0.0008) across luminal membranes of rabbit cortical collecting tubules, and the effects of ADH on the apparent activation energies (E A, kcal per moel) for water and solute permeation across these tubules. Three major results were obtained: (1) ADH produced a 60–100% increase in the permeation rates for these solutes. (2) The ADH-dependent apparentE A for water permeation was 9.35±0.92 kcal per mole, and the ADH-dependent apparentE A for permeation of moderately lipophilic solutes was in the range 15.8–19.6 kcal per mole. (3) The ADH-independentE A values for these transport processes were statistically indistinguishable from the ADH-dependentE A values.

When viewed in the context of transport mechanisms for water and solute permeation across synthetic lipid bilayer membrane systems, these results are consistent with the possibility that diffusion of water and moderately lipophilic solutes across mammalian collecting tubules may involve parallel sites in luminal plasma membranes: routes for water diffusion which are either aqueous and/or disorganized, particularly with respect to synthetic lipid bilayer lamellae; and, discrete hydrophobic regions for diffusion of moderately lipophilic solutes. ADH may act by increasing the number of both types of sites within luminal plasma membranes.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, and Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Alabama School of Medicine, 35294, Birmingham, Alabama

    Ghassan Al-Zahid, James A. Schafer, Susan L. Troutman & Thomas E. Andreoli

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  1. Ghassan Al-Zahid
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  2. James A. Schafer
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  3. Susan L. Troutman
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  4. Thomas E. Andreoli
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Al-Zahid, G., Schafer, J.A., Troutman, S.L. et al. Effect of antidiuretic hormone on water and solute permeation, and the activation energies for these processes, in mammalian cortical collecting tubules. J. Membrain Biol. 31, 103–129 (1977). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01869401

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