Skip to main content
Log in

Combined toxic effects of tetracycline and ethinyl estradiol on liver function of mice

  • Original Papers
  • Published:
Research in Experimental Medicine

Summary

The combined effects of ethinyl estradiol (EE) (0.5 µg/g s.c. once daily for 4 days) and tetracycline (TC) or doxycycline (DC) (50 µg/g i.v.) on liver weight and water content, serum transaminases, alkaline phosphatase, urea, triglycerides, and cholesterol as parameters of various liver functions were investigated in mice. It became apparent that depending on the parameter tested synergistic and antagonistic effects may occur, e.g., synergistic effects were observed with the serum transaminases and liver cholesterol; antagonistic effects were seen with the serum urea and serum cholesterol.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Adlercreutz H, Tenhunen R (1970) Some aspects of the interaction between natural and synthetic female sex hormones and the liver. Am J Med 49:630–648

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Bergmeyer HU, Bernt E (1970) Glutamat-Pyruvat-Transaminase. In: Bergmeyer HU (Hrsg) Methoden der enzymatischen Analyse, 2. Aufl. Verlag Chemie, Weinheim, S 685–710, 717–732

    Google Scholar 

  3. Bessey OA, Lowry OH, Brock MJ (1946) A method for the rapid determination of alkaline phosphatase with five cubic millimeters of serum. J Biol Chem 164:321–329

    Google Scholar 

  4. Böcker R, Estler C-J, Götz H, Pesch HJ (1983) Investigation into the combined hepatotoxicity of rolitetracycline and ethinyl estradiol. Arch Int Pharmacodyn 264:168–176

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Böcker R, Estler C-J, Maywald M, Weber D (1981) Comparative evaluation of the effects of tetracycline and doxycycline on blood and liver lipids of male and female mice. Arzneimittelforsch 31:2118–2120

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Böcker R, Estler C-J, Müller S, Pfandzelter C, Spachmüller B (1982) Comparative evaluation of the effects of tetracycline, rolitetracycline, and doxycycline on some blood parameters related to liver function. Arzneimittelforsch 32:237–241

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Breen K, Schenker S, Heimberg M (1972) The effect of tetracycline on the hepatic secretion of triglyceride. Biochim Biophys Acta 270:74–80

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Breen KJ, Schenker S, Heimberg M (1975) Fatty liver induced by tetracycline in the rat. Dose-response relationship and effect of sex. Gastroenterology 69:714–723

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Combes B, Whalley PJ, Adams RH (1972) Tetracycline and the liver. Prog Liver Dis 4:589–597

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Davis JS, Kaufman RH (1965) Tetracycline toxicity. A clinico-pathologic study with special references to liver damage and its relationship to pregnancy. J Obstet Gynecol 95:523–529

    Google Scholar 

  11. Doar JWH (1973) Metabolic side-effects of oral contraceptives. Clin Endocrinol Metab 2:503–525

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Drill VA (1974) Benign cholestatic jaundice of pregnancy and benign cholestatic jaundice from oral contraceptives. Am J Obstet Gynecol 119:165–174

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Eggstein M, Kreutz FH (1966) Eine neue Bestimmung der Neutralfette im Blutserum und Gewebe. Klin Wochenschr 44:262–267

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Estler C-J, Böcker R (1980) Role of sex and age in the tetracycline-induced hepatic steatosis. I. Comparative study on the effect of rolitetracycline on some parameters of hepatic lipid metabolism in male and female mice. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 54:508–513

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Estler C-J, Böcker R (1981) Age dependency of rolitetracycline-induced hepatic steatosis. Dev Pharmacol Ther 3:189–196

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Faloon WW, Down JJ, Duggan K, Prior JT (1957) Nitrogen and electrolyte metabolism and hepatic function and histology in patients receiving tetracycline. Am J Med Sci 233:563–572

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Fawcett JK, Scott JE (1960) A rapid and precise method for the determination of urea. J Clin Pathol 13:156–159

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Gallagher TF, Mueller MN, Kappas A (1966) Estrogen pharmacology. IV. Studies on the structural basis for estrogen-induced impairment of liver function. Medicine 45:471–479

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Hansen CH, Pearson LH, Schenker S, Combes B (1968) Impaired secretion of triglycerides by the liver: a cause of tetracycline-induced fatty liver. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 128:143–146

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Kreek MJ, Peterson RE, Sleisenger MH, Jeffries GH (1973) Influence of ethinyl estradiol-induced cholestasis in the rat. Gastroenterology 65:651–657

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Larsson-Cohn U (1967) The 2-h sulfobromphthalein retention test and the transaminase activity during oral contraceptive therapy. J Obstet Gynecol 98:188–193

    Google Scholar 

  22. Metreau J-M, Dhumeaux D, Berthelot P (1972) Oral contraceptives and the liver. Digestion 7:318–335

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Mueller MN, Kappas A (1964) Estrogen pharmacology. I. The influence of estradiol and estriol on hepatic disposal of sulfobromophtalein (BSP) in man. J Clin Invest 43:1905–1914

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Perez V, Gorodisch S (1971) Female sex hormones and the liver. In: Schaffner F, Sherlock S, Leevy CM (eds) The liver and its diseases. Thieme, Stuttgart, pp 179–190

    Google Scholar 

  25. Perez V, Schaffner FS, Popper H (1972) Hepatic drug reactions. Prog Liver Dis 4:597–625

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Roman W, Hecker R (1968) The liver toxicity of oral contraceptives: A critical review of the literature. Med J Aust 55:682–688

    Google Scholar 

  27. Röschlau P, Bernt W, Gruber W (1974) Enzymatische Bestimmung des Gesamtcholesterins im Serum. Z Klin Chem 12:403–407

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Rössner S, Larsson-Cohn U, Carlson LA, Boberg J (1971) Effects of an oral contraceptive agent on plasma lipids, plasma lipoproteins, the intravenous fat tolerance, and the postheparin lipoprotein lipase activity. Acta Med Scand 190:301–305

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Schaffner F (1966) The effect of oral contraceptives on the liver. J Am Med Assoc 198:155–157

    Google Scholar 

  30. Shils ME (1962) Some metabolic effects of tetracyclines. Clin Pharmacol Ther 3:321–339

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Song CS, Rifkind AB, Gilette PN, Kappas A (1967) Hormones and the liver. Am J Obstet Gynecol 105:813–847

    Google Scholar 

  32. Sparano BM (1965) Sex difference in chlortetracycline-induced fatty liver in rats. Lab Invest 14:1931–1938

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. Tritapepe R, Di Padova C, Chiesara E, Cova D (1980) Effects of ethinyl estradiol on bile secretion and liver microsomal mixed function oxidase system in the mouse. Biochem Pharmacol 29:677–680

    Google Scholar 

  34. Whalley PJ, Adams RH, Combes B (1964) Tetracycline toxicity in pregnancy. J Am Med Assoc 189:103–108

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Böcker, R., Estler, C.J., Feiner, C. et al. Combined toxic effects of tetracycline and ethinyl estradiol on liver function of mice. Res. Exp. Med. 185, 151–162 (1985). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01854901

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01854901

Key words

Navigation