Skip to main content
Log in

Comparison of the bronchodilator and cardiovascular actions of isoprenaline, Th 1165a, terbutaline and salbutamol in cats and isolated organ preparations

  • Published:
Research in Experimental Medicine

Summary

In anesthetized cats the bronchodilator action of isoprenaline (IPN), Th 1165a, terbutaline and salbutamol was measured by the method of Konzett and Rößler. Determined were in addition the following cardiovascular effects: increase indp/dt max of the left ventricular pressure and heart rate as well as decrease of mean arterial pressure (MAP). In order to compare the bronchodilator and the cardiovascular efficacy, the negative logarithms of the EC50 were calculated for the parameter aforementioned. — Further experiments were performedin vitro on the isolated electrically driven guinea-pig atrium and on the tracheal chain at 37°C in order to estimate the affinities of theβ sympathomimetics.

  1. 1.

    Anesthetized Cats. The maximal cardiovascular responses for Th 1165a, terbutaline and salbutamol were identical and did not differ from those for isoprenaline. On the other hand, the increase ofdp/dt max and the positive chronotropic effect — expressed as the negative logarithms of the EC50 — declined as follows: isoprenaline \s> Th 1165a \s> terbutaline = salbutamol. The same was true for the decrease of MAP. IPN was always 10 times more effective than salbutamol. The bronchodilator activity of these drugs differed only by a factor of three.

    Terbutaline showed the greatest bronchoselectivity, calculated as the difference of the negative logarithms of EC50 for bronchodilation minus that for the increase ofdp/dt max, on the one hand and the corresponding differences between bronchodilation and increase in heart rate on the other.

  2. 2.

    Isolated Organs. The affinity — given as the pD2 value — of these drugs to theβ receptors of the atrium declined from isoprenaline (7.76) to terbutaline (5.03). The intrinsic activities were lower for terbutaline (0.56) and salbutamol (0.3) than for IPN (1.0) and Th 1165a (1.0), whereas on the tracheal chain they were identical (1.0). The subtraction of the pD2 value for the positive inotropic effect from that for tracheal relaxation showed salbutamol most bronchoselectivein vitro.

  3. 3.

    The present results show a high bronchoselective action of salbutamol, terbutaline and Th 1165ain vitro, whereasin vivo their selectivity is much less pronounced. For the drug with the highest bronchoselectivityin vitro — salbutamol — the concentration necessary to evoke a halfmaximal increase of positive inotropic action is 250-fold higher than that for tracheal relaxation.In vivo, on the other hand, only a 3.8-fold higher concentration is required for the increase ofdp/dt max than for bronchodilation. In addition, all three drugs evoke clear cut cardiovascular side effects when using higher concentrations.

Zusammenfassung

Nach Konzett u. Rößler wurde die bronchorelaxierende Wirkung der Sympathikomimetika Isoprenalin, Th 1165a, Terbutalin und Salbutamol an der narkotisierten Katze gemessen. Weiterhin wurden der Anstieg vondp/dt max, der Herzfrequenz und die Senkung des mittleren arteriellen Druckes bestimmt. Für alle diese Parameter wurden die negativen Logarithmen der EC50 berechnet. — Weitere Versuche wurden an isolierten, elektrisch gereizten Vorhöfen sowie der Trachealkette des Meerschweinchens bei 37°C durchgeführt, um die Affinitäten der verwendeten Sympathikomimetikain vitro zu bestimmen.

  1. 1.

    Narkotisierte Katze. Die maximalen Wirkungen der drei kardiovasculären Parameter von Th 1165a, Terbutalin und Salbutamol waren untereinander vergleichbar und unterschieden sich nicht von denen des Isoprenalins. Der negative Logarithmus der EC50 für den Anstieg vondp/dt max sowie den Frequenzanstieg war für Isoprenalin am größten und nahm in der Reihenfolge Th 1165a, Terbutalin = Salbutamol ab. Das gleiche galt für die Senkung des mittleren arteriellen Druckes. Isoprenalin war etwa 10mal wirksamer als Salbutamol. Dagegen unterschied sich die bronchorelaxierende Wirkung dieser Pharmaka nur um den Faktor von 3. Die Bronchoselektivität definiert als die Differenz der negativen Logarithmen der EC50 für Bronchodilatation und Anstieg vondp/dt max bzw. der Herzfrequenz war für Terbutalin am höchsten.

  2. 2.

    Isolierte Organe. Die Affinität dieser Substanzen, gemessen als pD2-Wert, nahm am Vorhof von 7,76 für Isoprenalin auf 5,03 für Terbutalin ab. Die „intrinsic activity“ betrug 1,0 für Isoprenalin und Th 1165a, aber 0,56 bzw. 0,3 für Terbutalin bzw. Salbutamol. An der Trachealkette hatten alle untersuchten Pharmaka eine intrinsic activity von 1,0.

    Die Differenz der pD2-Werte für die Bronchorelaxation und die positiv inotrope Wirkung ergab die höchste Selektivität für Salbutamol.

  3. 3.

    Die Ergebnissein vitro zeigen eine spezifische bronchorelaxierende Wirkung von Salbutamol, Terbutalin und Th 1165a. Die Konzentration von Salbutamol für die halbmaximale positiv inotrope Wirkungin vitro war 250mal höher als die für die Relaxation der Trachealkette.In vivo betrug der Konzentrationsabstand zwischen der positiv inotropen Wirkung (dp/dt) und der Bronchodilatation dagegen nur 3,8. Alle untersuchten Pharmaka verursachenin vivo vergleichbare kardiovasculäre Nebenwirkungen, wenn höhere Konzentrationen verwendet werden.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Ariens, E. J.: Molecular pharmacology I, p. 153. New York: Academic Press 1964

    Google Scholar 

  • Ariens, E. J.: Pharmakologie des adrenergen Systems. Das Medizinische Prisma 2, 1970. C. H. Boehringer Sohn, Ingelheim

    Google Scholar 

  • Arnold, A., McAuliff, J. P.: Correlation of calorigenesis with otherβ-1 receptor mediated responses to catecholamines. Arch. int. Pharmacodyn.179, 381–387 (1969)

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Arnold, A., McAuliff, J. P.: Differentiation of receptors activated by catecholamines. 2. Arch. int. Pharmacodyn.193, 287–293 (1971)

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Arnold, A., Selberis, W. H.: Activities of catecholamines on the rat muscle glycogenolytic (β-2) receptor. Experientia (Basel)24, 1010–1011 (1968)

    Google Scholar 

  • Bergman, J., Persson, H., Wetterlin, K.: Two new groups of selective stimulants of adrenergicβ-receptors. Experientia (Basel)25, 899–901 (1969)

    Google Scholar 

  • Burnell, R. H., Maxwell, G. M.: The cardiovascular effects of terbutaline. Europ. J. Pharmacol.15, 383–385 (1971)

    Google Scholar 

  • Cullum, V. A., Farmer, J. B., Jack, D., Levy, G. P.: Salbutamol: a new, selectiveβ-adrenoceptive receptor stimulant. Brit. J. Pharmacol.35, 141–151 (1969)

    Google Scholar 

  • Daly, M. J., Farmer, J. B., Levy, G. P.: Comparison of the bronchodilator and cardiovascular actions of salbutamol, isoprenaline and orciprenaline in guineapigs and dogs. Brit. J. Pharmacol.43, 624–638 (1971)

    Google Scholar 

  • Heeg, E.: Untersuchungen über den Einfluß herzwirksamer Pharmaka auf den Druckablauf in der linken Herzkammer der Katze. Habilitationsschrift, Universität Düsseldorf 1967

  • Konzett, H., Rössler, R.: Versuchsanordnung zu Untersuchungen an der Bronchialmuskulatur. Naunyn-Schmiedebergs Arch. exp. Path. Pharmak.195, 71–74 (1940)

    Google Scholar 

  • Lands, A. M., Arnold, A., McAuliff, J. P., Luduena, F. P., Brown, T. G.: Differentiation of receptor systems activated by sympathomimetic amines. Nature (Lond.)214, 587–598 (1967a)

    Google Scholar 

  • Lands, A. M., Groblewski, G. E., Brown, T. G.: Comparison of the action of isoproterenol and several related compounds on blood pressure, heart and bronchioles. Arch. int. Pharmacodyn.161, 68–75 (1966)

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lands, A. M., Luduena, F. P., Buzzo, H. J.: Differentiation of receptors responsive to isoproterenol. Life Sci.6, 2241–2249 (1967b)

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • O'Donnell, S. R.: A selectiveβ-adrenoreceptor stimulant (Th 1165a) related to orciprenaline. Europ. J. Pharmacol.12, 35–43 (1970)

    Google Scholar 

  • Reinhardt, D., Wagner, J., Schümann, H. J.: Influence of temperature on the sensitivity of theβ-receptors and the contractility of guinea-pig atrium. Naunyn-Schmiedebergs Arch. Pharmacol.275, 95–104 (1972)

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Schümann, H. J., Wagner, J., Reinhardt, D.: Sensitivity changes of adrenergicβ-receptors induced by alterations of the metabolic state of isolated organs. Naunyn-Schmiedebergs Arch. Pharmacol.275, 105–113 (1972)

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wagner, J., Reinhardt, D., Schümann, H. J.: Sensitivity changes of adrenergicβ-receptors of isolated ileum and trachea preparations induced by alteration of temperature. Arch. int. Pharmacodyn.197, 290–300 (1972)

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Additional information

The authors wish to thank Mrs. Gabriele Graf and Miss Bettina Scheepers for excellent technical assistance.

This work was supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Wagner, J., Reinhardt, D. & Schümann, H.J. Comparison of the bronchodilator and cardiovascular actions of isoprenaline, Th 1165a, terbutaline and salbutamol in cats and isolated organ preparations. Res. Exp. Med. 162, 49–62 (1974). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01851883

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01851883

Key words

Schlüsselwörter

Navigation