Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Clinical consequences of hyperlipidaemia

  • Published:
Journal of Inherited Metabolic Disease

Summary

Hyperlipidaemia is a common and important clinical entity which frequently has a genetic basis. The chief features of severe hypertriglyceridaemia are eruptive xanthomata and acute pancreatitis, whereas most forms of hypercholesterolaemia are associated with premature coronary heart disease. This applies especially to familial hypercholesterolaemia, which is also characterized by tendon xanthomata. Better recognition of hyperlipidaemia allied to recent improvements in treatment should help reduce the frequency of its disabling and sometimes fatal consequences.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Allen, J. M., Thompson, G. R., Myant, N. B., Steiner, R. and Oakley, C. M. Cardiovascular complications of homozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia.Br. Heart J. 44 (1980) 361–368

    Google Scholar 

  • Beaumont, J. L., Carlson, L. A., Cooper, G. R., Fejfar, Z., Fredrickson, D. S. and Strasser, T. Classification of hyperlipidaemias and hyperlipoproteinaemias.Bull. WHO 43 (1970) 891–908

    Google Scholar 

  • Bilheimer, D. W., Goldstein, J. L., Grundy, S. M., Starzl, T. E. and Brown, M. S. Liver transplantation to provide low-density-lipoprotein receptors and lower plasma cholesterol in a child with homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia.N. Engl. J. Med. 311 (1984) 1658–1664

    Google Scholar 

  • Breckenridge, W. C., Little, A., Steiner, G., Chow, A. and Poapst, M. Hypertriglyceridemia associated with deficiency of apolipoprotein CII.N. Engl. J. Med. 298 (1978) 1265–1273

    Google Scholar 

  • British Cardiac Society Working Group on Coronary Prevention. Conclusions and recommendations.Br. Heart J. 57 (1987) 188–189

    Google Scholar 

  • Brown, M. S., Goldstein, J. L. and Fredrickson, D. S. Familial type 3 hyperlipoproteinemia (dysbetalipoproteinemia). In Stanbury, J. B., Wyngaarden, J. B., Fredrickson, D. S., Goldstein, J. L. and Brown, M. S. (eds.),The Metabolic Basis of Inherited Disease 5th edition, McGraw-Hill, New York, 1983, pp. 655–671

    Google Scholar 

  • Consensus Conference. Lowering blood cholesterol to prevent heart disease.J. Am. Med. Assoc. 253 (1985) 2080–2086

    Google Scholar 

  • Fredrickson, D. S., Levy, R. I. and Lees, R. I. Fat transport in lipoproteins — an integrated approach to mechanisms and disorders.N. Engl. J. Med. 276 (1967) 148–156

    Google Scholar 

  • Friedewald, W. T., Levy, R. I. and Fredrickson, D. S. Estimation of the concentration of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in plasma, without use of the preparative ultracentrifuge.Clin. Chem. 18 (1972) 499–502

    Google Scholar 

  • Gagné, C., Moorjani, S., Brun, D., Toussaint, M., Lupien, P-J. Heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia. Relationship between plasma lipids, lipoproteins, clinical manifestations and ischaemic heart disease in men and women.Atherosclerosis 34 (1979) 13–24

    Google Scholar 

  • Goldstein, J. L. and Brown, M. S. Familial hypercholesterolemia. In Stanbury, J. B., Wyngaarden, J. B., Fredrickson, D. S., Goldstein, J. L. and Brown, M. S. (eds.),The Metabolic Basis of Inherited Disease 5th edition, McGraw-Hill, New York, 1983, pp. 672–712

    Google Scholar 

  • Goldstein, J. L., Brown, M. S., Anderson, R. G. W., Russell, D. W., Schneider, W. J. Receptor-mediated endocytosis: concepts emerging from the LDL receptor system.Annu. Rev. Cell Biol. 1 (1985) 1–39

    Google Scholar 

  • Goldstein, J. L., Schrott, H. G., Hazzard, W. R., Bierman, E. L. and Motulsky, A. G. Hyperlipidemia in coronary heart disease. II. Genetic analysis of lipid levels in 176 families and delineation of a new inherited disorder, combined hyperlipidemia.J. Clin. Invest. 52 (1973) 1544–1568

    Google Scholar 

  • Heiberg, A. Inheritance of xanthomatosis and hyper-betalipoproteinaemia. A study of seven large kindreds.Clin. Genet. 9 (1976) 92–111

    Google Scholar 

  • Kwiterovich, P. O., Fredrickson, D. S. and Levy, R. I. Familial hypercholesterolaemia (one form of familial type II hyperlipoproteinaemia).J. Clin. Invest. 53 (1974) 1237–1249

    Google Scholar 

  • Martin, M. J., Hulley, S. B., Browner, W. S., Kuller, L. H. and Wentworth, D. Serum cholesterol, blood pressure and mortality: implications from a cohort of 361 662 men.Lancet 2 (1986) 933–936

    Google Scholar 

  • Moorjani, S., Gagné, C., Lupien, P-J and Brun, D. Plasma triglycerides related decrease in high density lipoprotein cholesterol and its association with myocardial infarction in heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia.Metabolism 35 (1986) 311–316

    Google Scholar 

  • Nikkila, E. A. Familial lipoprotein lipase deficiency and related disorders of chylomicron metabolism. In Stanbury, J. B., Wyngaarden, J. B., Fredrickson, D. S., Goldstein, J. L. and Brown, M. S. (eds.),The Metabolic Basis of Inherited Disease, 5th edition, McGraw-Hill, New York, 1983, pp. 622–642

    Google Scholar 

  • Nikkila, E. A. and Aro, A. Family study of serum lipids and lipoproteins in coronary heart disease.Lancet 1 (1973) 954–959

    Google Scholar 

  • Seftel, H. C., Baker, S. G., Sandler, M. P., Forman, M. B., Joffe, B. I., Mendelsohn, D., Jenkins, T. and Mieny, C. J. A host of hypercholesterolaemic homozygotes in South Africa.Br. Med. J. 281 (1980) 633–636

    Google Scholar 

  • Slack, J. Risk of ischaemic heart disease in familial hyperlipoproteinaemic states.Lancet 2 (1969) 1380–1382

    Google Scholar 

  • Sprecher, D. L., Hoeg, J. M., Schaefer, E. J., Zech, L. A., Gregg, R. E., Lakatos, E. and Brewer, H. B. Jr. The association of LDL receptor activity, LDL cholesterol level, and clinical course in homozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia.Metabolism 34 (1985) 294–299

    Google Scholar 

  • Streja, D., Steiner, G. and Kwiterovich, P. O. Plasma high density lipoproteins and ischemic heart disease: studies in a large kindred with familial hypercholesterolemia.Ann. Intern. Med. 89 (1978) 871–880

    Google Scholar 

  • Sugrue, D. D., Thompson, G. R., Oakley, C. M., Trayner, I. M. and Steiner, R. E. Contrasting patterns of coronary atherosclerosis in normocholesterolaemic smokers and patients with familial hypercholesterolaemia.Br. Med. J. 283 (1981) 1358–1360

    Google Scholar 

  • Thompson, G. R. The hyperlipidaemias. In Lloyd, J. K. and Scriver, C. R. (eds.),Genetic and Metabolic Disease in Pediatrics, Butterworths, London, 1985, pp. 211–233

    Google Scholar 

  • Thompson, G. R. Evidence that lowering serum lipids favourably influences coronary heart disease.Q. J. Med. (New Series) 62 (1987) 87–95

    Google Scholar 

  • Thompson, G. R., Ford, J., Jenkinson, M. and Trayner, I. Efficacy of mevinolin as adjuvant therapy for refractory familial hypercholesterolaemia.Q. J. Med. 60 (1986) 801–809

    Google Scholar 

  • Thompson, G. R., Lowenthal, R. and Myant, N. B. Plasma exchange in the management of homozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia.Lancet 1 (1975) 1208–1211

    Google Scholar 

  • Thompson, G. R., Miller, J. P. and Breslow, J. L. Improved survival of patients with homozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia treated by plasma exchange.Br. Med. J. 291 (1985) 1671–1673

    Google Scholar 

  • Thompson, G. R. and Sapsford, R. Coronary artery bypass grafting and hyperlipidaemia.Br. Heart J. 53 (1985) 237–239

    Google Scholar 

  • Yokoyama, S., Hayashi, R., Satani, M. and Yamamoto, A. Selective removal of low density lipoprotein by plasmapheresis in familial hypercholesterolemia.Arteriosclerosis 5 (1985) 613–622

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. MRC Lipoprotein Team, Hammersmith Hospital, Ducane Road, W12 0HS, London, UK

    G. R. Thompson

Authors
  1. G. R. Thompson
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Thompson, G.R. Clinical consequences of hyperlipidaemia. J Inherit Metab Dis 11 (Suppl 1), 18–28 (1988). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01800567

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01800567

Keywords

Search

Navigation