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Multiattribute utility functions, partial information on coefficients, and efficient choice

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Summary

The expected utility analysis of decision under risk needs information on the alternatives and on the decision maker's preferences which in many practical situations are difficult to obtain. This paper presents a procedure for choosing between multiattribute risky alternatives when the probabilities of outcomes are known, the utility function is general multilinear (i.e., can be decomposed into sums and products of univariate utility functions), and there is some partial information on univariate utilities (viz. increasingness) and arbitrary partial information on the scaling coefficients. Pairwise comparisons in the set of alternatives yield a subset which is efficient under the given partial information. Additive and multiplicative utility functions are special cases of the multilinear one. The paper gives particular attention to linear partial information (LPI) on coefficients, which is obtained by standard assessment procedures. The approach can be combined with dominance procedures which use other partial information as LPI on probabilities.

Zusammenfassung

Betrachtet werden Risikoentscheidungen bei mehreren Attributen. Für die Bestimmung des erwarteten Nutzens der Alternativen benötigt man Informationen über die Präferenzen des Entscheidungsträgers, die in konkreten Anwendungen häufig nur schwer zu beschaffen sind. Im folgenden Artikel wird ein Verfahren vorgestellt, mit dem man bereits Entscheidungen treffen kann, wenn die Risikonutzenfunktion allgemein multilinear ist (d. h. in Summen und Produkte von univariaten Nutzenfunktionen dekomponiert werden kann) und eine bestimmte unvollständige Information über die univariaten Nutzenfunktionen (nämlich monotones Wachstum) und beliebige unvollständige Information über die Skalenfaktoren vorliegt. Aus Paarvergleichen in der Menge der Alternativen erhält man eine bezüglich der gegebenen Information effiziente Teilmenge. —Additiv bzw. multiplikativ dekomponierte Nutzenfunktionen ergeben sich als Spezialfälle der multilinearen Form. Der Artikel behandelt eingehend die lineare partielle Information (LPI) über die Skalenfaktoren, die sich aus den üblichen Verfahren zur praktischen Ermittlung der Nutzenfunktion ergibt. Der Ansatz kann mit Dominanzverfahren kombiniert werden, die auf andere Arten unvollständiger Information (etwa auf LPI über die Wahrscheinlichkeiten) zurückgreifen.

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Mosler, K. Multiattribute utility functions, partial information on coefficients, and efficient choice. OR Spektrum 13, 87–94 (1991). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01719932

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