Skip to main content
Log in

Bactericidal activity of cefotaxime and fosfomycin in cerebrospinal fluid during the treatment of rabbit meningitis experimentally induced by methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus

Antibakterielle Aktivität von Cefotaxim und Fosfomycin im Liquor bei experimenteller Meningitis des Kaninchens durch Methicillin-resistente Staphylokokken

  • Originalia
  • Published:
Infection Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Summary

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic effect of cefotaxime (CTX) and fosfomycin (FOS), alone or in combination, in an experimental meningitis, with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) concentrations of the two antibiotics reproducing those obtained in human CSF during bacterial meningitis. With a dose of 50 mg/kg of CTX and 100 mg/kg of FOS injected i.v. (CTX over 0.5 h and FOS over 3 h), CSF concentrations were comparable to those observed in man. In a series of five rabbits per treatment group, the bacterial population was counted before and after treatment (two doses with a six-hour interval) with CTX, FOS or CTX + FOS (CTX over 0.5 h before the end of FOS infusion). By the 12th hour of treatment, the percentage of bacteria surviving in CSF compared to the initial population was 4.35% for CTX, 0.20% for FOS and 0.19% for CTX + FOS. Thus, it seemed that CTX + FOS was not more active than FOS alone. In another series of four rabbits per group, the bactericidal effect was followed at T0, T6, T12, T24 and T48 after treatment (two doses with a six-hour interval). With CTX, a variable drop in bacterial count from one rabbit to the other occurred during the first 12 h, and then a bacteriostasis followed. With FOS, a quick bactericidal effect was observed during the first 12 h, becoming slower during the following 36 h (0.03% of bacteria surviving at the 48th hour). With CTX and FOS in combination, a quick bactericidal effect was achieved, remaining steady over a 48-hour period (0.001% of bacteria surviving at the 48th hour).

Zusammenfassung

Ziel der Studie war es, die therapeutische Effizienz von Cefotaxim (CTX) und Fosfomycin (FOS) in Mono- und Kombinationstherapie bei der experimentellen Meningitis zu prüfen; die Antibiotika-Dosen wurden so gewählt, daß die erzielten Liquorkonzentrationen den bei Menschen während bakterieller Meningitis erreichten Liquorspiegeln weitgehend entsprachen. Dies wurde durch Infusion mit Dosen von 50 mg/kg CTX i.v. über 0,5 Stunden und 100 mg/kg FOS i.v. über drei Stunden erreicht. In einer Serie von fünf Kaninchen pro Behandlungsgruppe waren die Bakterienzahlen vor und nach Behandlung (zwei Dosen in sechsstündigem Abstand) bei CTX, FOS und CTX + FOS (CTX-Infusion über 0,5 Stunden vor Be-endigung der FOS-Infusion) bestimmt. In der 12. Behandlungsstunde war der Anteil der überlebenden Bakterien im Liquor bei CTX 4,35%, bei FOS 0,20% und bei CTX + FOS 0,19%. CTX + FOS erschien somit effektiver als FOS alleine. In einer anderen Versuchsreihe mit je vier Kaninchen wurde der bakterizide Effekt der Substanzen zum Zeitpunkt T0, T6, T12, T24 und T48 nach Therapie (zwei Dosen in sechsstündigem Abstand) verfolgt. Mit CTX variierte die Verminderung der Bakterienzahlen nach Therapie von Tier zu Tier während der ersten 12 Stunden, dann folgte Bakteriostase; bei FOS war in den ersten 12 Stunden eine rasche bakterizide Wirkung festzustellen, die in den folgenden 36 Stunden langsamer wurde (zur 48. Stunde überlebten 0,03% der Bakterien). Mit der Kombination CTX + FOS wurde ein rascher bakterizider Effekt erzielt, der über 48 Stunden konstant blieb (zur 48. Stunde hatten 0,001% der Bakterien überlebt).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

Literature

  1. Duez, J. M., Kohli, E., Pechinot, A., Tremeaux, J. C., Kazmierczak, A. Association entre la fosfomycine et l'oxacilline ou le cefotaxime chez les staphylocoques méthicilline résistants et les entérocoques. Pathol. Biol. 31 (1983) 515–518.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Kazmierczak, A., Portier, H., Chandesris, C., Pothier, P., Labia, R. Determination by high pressure liquid chromatography of cefotaxime and desacetyl-cefotaxime concentrations in cerebrospinal fluid of adults with bacterial meningitis. In:Grassi, C., Pereti, P. (eds.): Current chemotherapy and immunotherapy. American Society for Microbiology, Washington D.C. 1982, pp. 582–583.

    Google Scholar 

  3. Sicilia, T., Estevez, E., Rodriguez, A. Fosfomycin penetration into cerebrospinal fluid of patients with bacterial meningitis. Chemotherapy 27 (1981) 405–413.

    Google Scholar 

  4. Portier, H., Tremeaux, J. C., Chavanet, P., Gouyon, J. B., Duez, J. M., Kazmierczak, A. Treatment of severe staphylococcal infections with cefotaxime and fosfomycin in combination. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 14 Suppl. B (1984) 277–284.

    Google Scholar 

  5. Beam, T. R. Jr., Allen, J. C. Blood, brain and cerebrospinal fluid concentrations of several antibiotics in rabbits with intact and inflamed meninges. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 12 (1977) 710–716.

    Google Scholar 

  6. Decazes, J. M., Ernst, J. D., Sande, M. A. Correlation ofin vitro time-kill curves and kinetics of bacterial killing in cerebrospinal fluid during ceftriaxone therapy of experimentalEscherichia coli meningitis. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 24 (1983) 463–467.

    Google Scholar 

  7. McCracken, G. H., Nelson, J. D., Grimm, L. Pharmacokinetics and bacteriological efficacy of cefoperazone, cefuroxime, ceftriaxone and moxalactam in experimentalStreptococcus pneumoniae andHaemophilus influenzae meningitis. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 21 (1982) 262–267.

    Google Scholar 

  8. Nolan, C. M., Ulmer, C. Jr. Penetration of cefotaxime and moxalactam into cerebrospinal fluid of rabbits with experimentally inducedEscherichia coli meningitis. Rev. Infect. Dis. 4 Suppl. (1982) S396-S400.

    Google Scholar 

  9. Sande, M. A., Sheretz, R. J., Zak, O., Strausbaugh, L. J. Cephalosporin antibiotics in therapy of experimentalStreptococcus pneumoniae andHaemophilus influenzae meningitis in rabbits. J. Infect. Dis. 137 Suppl. (1978) S161-S168.

    Google Scholar 

  10. Schmid, E. N. Viability and ultrastructure ofStaphylococcus aureus treated with fosfomycin. Zbl. Bakteriol. (Orig. A) 253 (1983) 476–488.

    Google Scholar 

  11. Portier, H., Tremeaux, J. C., Sautreaux, J. L., Duez, J. M., Kazmierczak, A.: Treatment of staphylococcal meningitis: Interest of cefotaxime and fosfomycin in combination. Proceedings of the 13th International Congress of Chemotherapy. Part. 122. PS 7.9./1-4.

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Kazmierczak, A., Pechinot, A., Duez, J.M. et al. Bactericidal activity of cefotaxime and fosfomycin in cerebrospinal fluid during the treatment of rabbit meningitis experimentally induced by methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus. Infection 13 (Suppl 1), S76–S80 (1985). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01644224

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01644224

Keywords

Navigation