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Haemostatic defects in polycythaemia vera

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Summary

24 patients with polycythaemia vera were studied as regards platelet function, blood coagulation and fibrinolysis. Platelet investigation showed increased red cell fall-out in the clot retraction test, abnormal results in the platelet adhesiveness and defective platelet aggregation with adrenalin, ADP, collagen and thrombin in frequency decreasing in that order. In a small number of cases the “ADP release” from platelets and the platelet factor-3 availability tests were abnormal while the bleeding time was normal in all cases. Blood coagulation study revealed various mild abnormalities, namely the screening tests in some cases were slightly prolonged, the mean values of factors V and X as well as the antithrombin-III activity were decreased while the factor-VIII level scattered widely. Fibrinolytic study showed normal plasma fibrinolytic activity but the plasminogen was slightly decreased and the fibrinogen/fibrin degradation products were elevated compared to normal. There was no clear correlation between abnormalities of platelets, coagulation or fibrinolysis tests and bleeding manifestations.

Zusammenfassung

24 Patienten mit Polycythaemia vera wurden untersucht, und zwar die Funktion der Blutplättchen, die Blutkoagulation und die Fibrinolyse. Untersuchungen der Blutplättchen zeigten einen vermehrten Ausfall der roten Blutkörperchen in dem Gerinnungsretraktionstest, abnorme Ergebnisse der Plättchen-Adhäsivität und Defekte der Plättchenaggregation durch Adrenalin, ADP, Kollagen und Thrombin in abnehmender Häufigkeit in der Reihenfolge der Reagenzien. In einer kleinen Zahl der Fälle waren die ADP-Befreiung von den Plättchen und der Plättchen-Faktor-3-Labilitätstest abnorm, während die Blutungszeit in allen Fällen normal war. Die Untersuchung der Blutkoagulation zeigte geringe Abweichungen, und zwar waren die Screening-Tests in manchen Fällen leicht verlängert, die Durchschnittswerte des Faktors V und X und die Antithrombin-III-Aktivität waren vermindert, während die Werte des Faktors VIII sehr weit voneinander abwichen. Die Untersuchung der Fibrinolyse zeigte eine normale fibrinolytische Aktivität des Plasmas, aber das Plasminogen war leicht vermindert und die Fibrinogenspaltprodukte waren erhöht im Vergleich zu den normalen Fällen. Es wurde kein klarer Zusammenhang zwischen der Abnormalität der Thrombozyten, der Koagulation und der Fibrinolyse im Vergleich zu den Blutungserscheinungen festgestellt.

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Abbreviations

AT-III:

Antithrombin-III

BT:

Bleeding time

CR:

Clot retraction

DIC:

Disseminated intravascular coagulation

f. c.:

Final concentration

FDP:

Fibrinogen degradation products

PCV:

Packed cell volume (haematocrit)

PF-3a:

Platelet factor-3 availability

PAd:

Platelet adhesiveness value

PPP:

Platelet poor plasma

PRP:

Platelet rich plasma

PT:

Prothrombin time

PTTK:

Partial thromboplastin time with kaolin

PV:

Polycythaemia vera

RT:

Reptilase time

TT:

Thrombin time

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Stathakis, N.E., Papayannis, A.G., Arapakis, G. et al. Haemostatic defects in polycythaemia vera. Blut 29, 77–86 (1974). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01633831

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