Summary
The skin ofTetraodon steindachneri is morphologically and cytologically adapted to the habits and locomotion of the fish, as well as to its ability to expand its body into a nearly spherical shape. Negative buoyancy, which facilitates precise maneuvers near the bottom, is achieved primarily by a very thick dermis. Various special features of the skin enable it to withstand the mechanical stresses of extreme expansion and deep folding: (1) the absence of a covering such as a cuticle on the outer surface of the epidermis, (2) the lack of scales, (3) the pronounced interdigitation of the epidermal cells, (4) the cytoskeleton of the filament-containing cells, and (5) the stratum compactum of the dermis. The spines, which inT. steindachneri can be extended and retracted, are derived, like the spines of diodontidae, from the scales of other teleosts. Each spine comprises cellular and acellular components, which together produce a complicated bilaterally symmetrical structure. Movement of the spines is mainly a passive mechanical concomitant of distension of the body, though active processes cannot be ruled out. The biological significance of the spine apparatus ofT. steindachneri is discussed.
Similar content being viewed by others
Abbreviations
- af :
-
annular fold
- amc :
-
apical mucous cell
- bv :
-
blood vessel
- bm :
-
basal membrane
- cf :
-
collagen fibers
- cfb :
-
collagen fiber band
- cv :
-
central vacuole
- d :
-
desmosome
- de :
-
dermis
- ed :
-
epidermis
- f :
-
tonofilaments
- fcc :
-
filament-containing cell
- gc :
-
granular cell
- id :
-
interdigitation
- md :
-
modified dermis
- mr :
-
microridges
- n :
-
nucleus
- nf :
-
nerve fibers
- s :
-
spine
- sc :
-
stratum compactum
- sk :
-
skeleton of spine
- sl :
-
stratum laxum
- smc :
-
sacciform mucous cell
- sub :
-
subcutis
- vc :
-
vacuole cell
References
Bereiter-Hahn J (1971) Licht- und elektronenmikroskopische Untersuchungen zur Funktion von Tonofilamenten in der Epidermis von Fischen. Cytologie 4:73–102
Bereiter-Hahn J, Matoltsy AG, Richards KS (1986) Biology of the integument. II. Vertebrates. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York
Harris JE, Hunt S (1975a) The fine structure of the epidermis of two species of salmonid fish, the Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar L.) and the brown trout (Salmo trutta L.). I. General organization and filament-containing cells. Cell Tissue Res 157:553–565
Harris JE, Hunt S (1975b) The fine structure of the epidermis of two species of salmonid fish, the Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar L.) and the brown trout (Salmo trutta L.). II. Mucous cells. Cell Tissue Res 163:535–543
Hawkes JW (1974) The structure of fish skin. I. General organization. Cell Tissue Res 149:147–158
Henrikson RC, Matoltsy AG (1968) The fine structure of teleost epidermis. I. Introduction and filament-containing cells. J Ultrastruct Res 21:213–221
Hertwig I, Eichelberg H, Schneider H (1989) The fine structure of the fine musculature in two teleost species with different swimming modes, the puffer,Tetraodon steindachneri, and the goldfish,Carassius auratus. Cell Tissue Res 255:363–369
Krapp F (1980) Kugelfischverwandte. In: Grizmeks Tierleben. Bd 5, Kindler, Zürich, pp 249–264
Leonard JB, Summers RG (1976) The ultrastructure of the integument of the American Eel,Anguilla rostrata. Cell Tissue Res 171:1–30
Mittal AK, Banerjee TK (1976) Functional organization of the skin of the “Green-Puffer-Fish”Tetraodon fluviatilis (HamBuch) (Tetraodontidae, Pisces). Zoomorphology 84:195–209
Romeis B (1968) Mikroskopische Technik, 16. Aufl. Oldenbourg, München Wien
Schneider H (1964) Untersuchungen zur Schwimmweise der Kugelfische. I. Die Flossenmuskulatur des Kugelfisches (Tetraodon fluviatilis) im Vergleich zu der der Schleie (Tinea tinea). Z Morphol Ökol Tiere 54:414–435
Spannhof L (1964) Einführung in die Praxis der Histochemie. Gustav Fischer, Jena
Webb PW, Skadsen JM (1979) Reduced skin mass: an adaption for acceleration in some teleost fishes. Can J Zool 57:1570–1575
Whitear M (1970) The skin of bony fishes. J Zool Lond 180:437–454
Zylberberg L, Nicolas G (1982) Ultrastructure of scales in a teleost (Carassius auratus) after use of rapid freeze-fixation and freezesubstitution. Cell Tissue Res 223:349–367
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Hertwig, I., Eichelberg, H. & Hentschel, J. Light and electron microscopic studies of the skin of the Palembang puffer,Tetraodon steindachneri (Teleostei, Tetraodontidae). Zoomorphology 111, 193–205 (1992). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01633008
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01633008