Summary
Data from a representative health and nutrition survey of German adults (sample of 1073 women and 806 men) were used to investigate the relationship between coffee consumption and the concentration of cholesterol in serum as well as other lipoprotein constituents. For these outcome variables multivariate analyses were conducted separately for men and women. Differences in age, body mass index, smoking habits, use of oral contraceptives, physical activity, alcohol, fish, fat, milk and tea consumption were controlled for in the models. Interactions between coffee drinking behavior and smoking habits as well as between coffee and the use of oral contraceptives in their relationship with serum cholesterol were of special interest in the analyses. Higher coffee intake (>400 ml/d) showed higher total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and lower triglyceride rich lipoprotein (TRL) and triglyceride concentrations in serum compared to lower intake (<200 ml/d). Smoking appeared to be an aggravating factor in these relationships. Results of the linear regression analysis demonstrated an increase of 1.66 mg/dL LDL-C per cup of coffee daily consumed for men and of 1.58 mg/dL for women. The combination of high coffee intake, smoking and no oral contraceptive use ever was associated with the highest total and LDL-C and lowest TRL concentrations in this population. The observed differences may be explained by an increase of lipoprotein lipase activity due to coffee consumption.
Zusammenfassung
Unter Verwendung von Daten einer repräsentativen Gesundheits- und Ernährungsstudie über deutsche Erwachsene (1073 Frauen und 806 Männer) wurde der Zusammenhang von Kaffeekonsum und Serum-Cholesterinkonzentration und anderen Lipoproteinfraktionen geprüft. In multivariaten Modellanalysen, für Männer und Frauen getrennt durchgeführt, war für Alter, Body Mass Index, Rauchen, Gebrauch oraler Kontrazeptiva, sportliche Aktivität, Alkohol-, Fisch-, Fett-, Milch-und Teekonsum geprüft worden. Spezielles Interesse galt dem Einfluß von Rauchgewohnheiten sowie der Gebrauch oraler Kontrazeptiva auf die Beziehung zwischen Kaffeekonsum und den Serum-Lipidkonzentrationen. Im Vergleich zu geringer war höhere Kaffeezufuhr (>400 ml/Tag) mit höheren Gesamt- und LDL-Cholesterin sowie niedrigeren triglyceridreichen Lipoprotein (TRL) und Triglycerid-Konzentrationen verbunden. Rauchen erwies sich in diesen Beziehungen als verstärkender Faktor. Die Ergebnisse der linearen Regression ergaben für Männer eine Erhöhung des LDL-Cholesterins um 1,66 mg/dL pro Tasse Kaffee, für Frauen eine Erhöhung um 1,58 mg/dL. In dieser Population war die Kombination von hohem Kaffeekonsum, Rauchen und bei Frauen der Nie-Gebrauch oraler Kontrazeptiva mit den höchsten Gesamt- und LDL-Cholesterin, sowie den niedrigsten TRL-Konzentrationen verbunden. Diese Befunde sind möglicherweise als Ergebnis erhöhter Aktivität der Lipoprotein-Lipase bei Kaffeekonsum interpretierbar.
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Abbreviations
- C:
-
cholesterol
- LDL:
-
low-density lipoprotein
- HDL:
-
high-density lipoprotein
- TRL:
-
triglyceride-rich lipoproteins
- TG:
-
triglycerides
- OC:
-
oral hormonal contraception
- LPL:
-
lipoprotein lipase
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Gefördert durch das BMFT, Förderkennzeichen 704 767. Die Verantwortung für den Inhalt dieser Veröffentlichung liegt bei den Autoren.
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Berndt, B., Mensink, G.B.M., Kohlmeier, M. et al. Lipoprotein metabolism and coffee intake — who is at risk?. Z Ernährungswiss 32, 163–175 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01610727
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01610727