Summary
Phenobarbital stimulated aflatoxin biosynthesis byAspergillus flavus and this was paralleled by an increase in microsomal NADPH-cytochromeP-450 reductase and cytochromeP-450 activities. Aflatoxin biosynthesis was inhibited by SKF 525-A, metyrapone and cyanide, inhibitors of the cytochromeP-450 monooxygenase system, further suggesting that aflatoxin biosynthesis byA. flavus could be mediated by a cytochromeP-450 monooxygenase enzyme system.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Ambike, S.H. and R.M. Baxter. 1970. Cytochrome P-450 and B5 inClaviceps purpurea: interconversion of P-450 and P-420. Phytochemistry 9: 1959–1962.
Ambike, S.H., R.M. Baxter and N.D. Zahid. 1970. The relationship of cytochrome P-450 levels and alkaloid synthesis inClaviceps purpurea. Phytochemistry 9: 1953–1958.
Ander, M.W. and G.J. Mannering. 1966. Inhibition of drug metabolism: I. Kinetics of the inhibition of the N-demethylation of ethylmorphine by 2-diethylamioethyl 2,2-diphenylvalerate HCl (SKF 525-A) and related compounds. Mol. Pharmacol. 2: 317–327.
Anderson, M.S. and M.F. Dutton. 1979. The use of cell-free extracts derived from fungal protoplasts in the study of aflatoxin biosynthesis. Experientia 35: 21–22.
Bhatnagar, R.K., S. Ahmad, K.K. Kohli, K.G. Mukerji and T.A. Venkitasubramanian. 1982. Induction of polysubstrate monooxygenase and aflatoxin production by phenobarbitone inAspergillus parasiticus NRRL 3240. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 4: 1287–1292.
Bradford, M.M.. 1976. A rapid and sensitive method for the quantification of microgram quantities of protein utilising the principle of protein-dye binding. Anal. Biochem. 72: 248–254.
Breskvar, K.. 1983. Solubilisation and separation of microsomal cytochrome P-450 and NADPH-cytochrome c reductase ofRhizopus nigricans. J. Steroid Biochem. 18: 51–63.
Bu'Lock, J.D. and D.J. Winstanley. 1971. Trisporic acid production byBlakeslea trispora and its promotion by barbiturate. J. Gen. Microbiol. 69: 391–394.
Ferris, J.P., L.H. MacDonald, M.A. Patrie and M.A. Martin. 1976. Aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase activity in the fungusCunninghamella bainieri: evidence for the presence of cytochrome P-450. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 175: 443–452.
Ghosh, D.K., D. Dutta, T.B. Samanta and A.K. Mishra. 1983. Microsomal benzo(a)pyrene hydroxylase inAspergillus ochraceus TS: assay and characterisation of the enzyme system. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 113: 497–505.
Ghosh, D. and T.B. Samanta. 1981. 11-hydroxylation of progesterone by cell-free preparations ofAspergillus ochraceus TS. J. Steroid Biochem. 14: 1063–1067.
Masters, B.S., C.H. William and H. Kamin. 1967. The preparation and properties of microsomal TPNH-cytochrome c reductase from pig liver. Methods Enzymol. 10: 567–573.
Matthews, D.E. and H.D. van Etten. 1983. Detoxification of the phytoalexin pisatin by a fungal cytochrome P-450. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 224: 494–505.
Mead, R. and R.N. Curnow. 1983. Statistical Methods in Agriculture and Experimental Biology. Chapman and Hall, London.
Nabney, J. and B.F. Nesbitt. 1965. A spectrophotometric method for determining the aflatoxins. Analyst 90: 155–160.
Omura, T. and R. Sato. 1964. The carbon monoxide-binding pigment of liver microsomes. I. Evidence for its haemoprotein nature. J. Biol. Chem. 239: 2370–2377.
Poland, A., I. Mak, E. Glover, R.J. Boatman, F.H. Ebetino and A.S. Kende. 1980. 1,4-Bis(2-(3,5-dichloropyridyloxy))-benzene, a potent phenobarbital-like inducer of microsomal monooxygenase activity. Mol. Pharmacol. 18: 571–580.
Rosazza, J.P. and R.V. Smith. 1979. Microbial models for drug metabolism. Adv. Appl. Microbiol. 25: 169–208.
Shih, C.N. and E.H. Marth. 1974. Aflatoxin formation, lipid synthesis and glucose metabolism byAspergillus parasiticus during incubation with and without agitation. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 338: 286–296.
Singh, R. and D.P.H. Hsieh. 1976. Enzymatic conversion of sterigmatocystin into aflatoxin B1 by cell-free extracts ofAspergillus parasiticus. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 31: 743–745.
Smith, R.V. and P.J. Davis. 1980. Induction of xenobiotic monooxygenases. Adv. Biochem. Eng. 14: 62–100.
Townsend, C.A.. 1986. Progress toward a biosynthetic rationale of the aflatoxin pathway. Pure Appl. Chem. 58: 227–238.
Uraih, N. and J.R. Chipley. 1976. Effects of various acids and salts on growth and aflatoxin production byAspergillus flavus NRRL 3145. Microbios 17: 51–59.
Wan, N.C. and D.P.H. Hsieh. 1980. Enzymatic formation of the bisfuran structure in aflatoxin biosynthesis. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 39: 109–112.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Hamid, A.B., Smith, J.E. The involvement of cytochromeP-450 monooxygenase system in aflatoxin biosynthesis byAspergillus flavus . Journal of Industrial Microbiology 2, 137–141 (1987). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01569420
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01569420