Skip to main content

Advertisement

Log in

The role of topically applied dexamethasone in preventing peritoneal adhesions: Experimental and clinical studies

  • Published:
World Journal of Surgery Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In an experimental study, the serosa of the ileum of rats was injured with silver nitrate, and the effect of topical application of a dexamethasone solution on subsequent formation of intraperitoneal adhesions was compared to the effect of saline irrigation (controls). There was a highly significant difference (p<0.01) in the incidence and grade of adhesions observed 1 and 4 weeks postoperatively between the control and dexamethasone-treated rats. Furthermore, adhesive intestinal strictures were observed in the control rats, but not in the animals that received dexamethasone. Administration of dexamethasone at the time of laparotomy and again 1 week postoperatively was most effective in preventing adhesions.

In a clinical trial, topical application of dexamethasone at the time of laparotomy for recurrent adhesive intestinal obstruction in 34 patients was associated with a 9% incidence of further recurrence of adhesive obstruction over a 1–6 year follow-up period, compared to a 31% incidence of recurrent obstruction in 13 similar patients who received only saline irrigation. Intraperitoneal administration of dexamethasone at the time of laparotomy and for the first 2 days postoperatively in 5 patients was followed by no recurrence of obstruction.

Résumé

La formation d'adhérences intrapéritonéales a été étudiée dans deux groupes de rats dont la séreuse iléale avait été lésée par du nitrate d'argent. L'application locale d'une solution de dexaméthasone a été comparée à un groupe témoin traité par simple irrigation au sérum physiologique. La fréquence et la gravité des adhérences sont, une et quatre semaines aprés l'opération, nettement moindres (p<0.01) chez les rats traités à la dexaméthasone que chez les témoins. On observe de plus, chez les témoins, des sténoses intestinales par adhérences, qui sont totalement absentes chez les rats traités à la dexaméthasone. Pour prévenir l'apparition des adhérences, les temps les plus efficaces pour l'administration de la dexaméthasone sont en cours de laparotomie avec réinjection une semaine plus tard.

L'application locale de dexaméthasone a été essayée en clinique, au cours de laparotomies pour obstruction récidivante par adhérences chez 34 malades: 9 % ont présenté de nouvelles récidives au cours des 1–6 années suivantes. Chez 13 malades traités uniquement par irrigation au sérum physiologique, la fréquence des récidives a été de 30 %. Chez 5 malades, la dexaméthasone a été administrée par voie intrapériton éale pendant la laparotomie et aux ler et 2ème jours postopératoires: aucun n'a présenté de récidive.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Boys, F.: The prophylaxis of peritoneal adhesion. A review of the literature. Surgery11:118, 1942

    Google Scholar 

  2. De Sanctis, A.F., Schatten, W.E., Weckesser, E.C.: Effect of hydrocortisone in the prevention of intraperitoneal adhesion. Arch. Surg.71:523, 1955

    Google Scholar 

  3. Hubay, C.A., Weckesser, E.C., Holden, W.D.: The effect of cortisone on the prevention of peritoneal adhesions. Surg. Gynecol. Obstet.96:65, 1953

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Belzer, F.O.: The role of venous obstruction in the formation of intraabdominal adhesions. An experimental study. Br. J. Surg.54:189, 1967

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Connolly, J.E., Smith, J.W.: The prevention and treatment of intestinal adhesions. Surg. Gynecol. Obstet.110:417, 1960

    Google Scholar 

  6. Ellis, H.: The aetiology of postoperative abdominal adhesions. Br. J. Surg.50:10, 1962

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Iijima, N., Yamamoto, T., Inoue, K., Gomi, F.: Experimental studies on intraabdominal adhesions. Postgrad. Med. J.46:278, 1970

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Scheiberg, S.R., Saltzstein, H.E.: Effect of cortisone and corticotrophin (ACTH) on intraabdominal adhesions. Arch. Surg.63:413, 1951

    Google Scholar 

  9. Noble, J.B.: Plication of small intestine as prophylaxis against adhesions. Am. J. Surg.35:41, 1937

    Google Scholar 

  10. White, R.R.: Prevention of recurrent small bowel obstruction due to adhesions. Ann. Surg.143:714, 1956

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Replogle, R.L., Johnson, R., Gross, R.E.: Prevention of postoperative intestinal adhesions with combined promethazine and dexamethasone therapy: Experimental and clinical studies. Ann. Surg.136:580, 1966

    Google Scholar 

  12. Eskeland, G.: The effect of prednisolone TBA on peritoneal absorption and exudation in rats subjected to a peritoneal trauma. Acta. Chir. Scand.125:337, 1963

    Google Scholar 

  13. Aboulafia, Y., Polishuk, W.Z.: Prevention of peritoneal adhesions by silicone solution. Arch. Surg.94:384, 1967

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Ellis, H.: The cause and prevention of postoperative intraperitoneal adhesions. Surg. Gynecol. Obstet.133:497, 1971

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Kaufman, N., Mason, J.E., Kinney, D.T.: The effect of steroids on fibroblast migration in vitro. Am. J. Surg.29:761, 1953

    Google Scholar 

  16. Luttwak, E.M., Behar, A.J., Saltz, N.J.: Effect of fibrinolytic agents and corticosteroid hormones on peritoneal adhesions. Arch. Surg.75:96, 1957

    Google Scholar 

  17. Zachariae, L.: Hydrocortisone acetate applied intraperitoneally. Acta. Endocrinol.19:269, 1955

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Blucksman, D.L., Warren, W.D.: The effect of topically applied corticosteroids in the prevention of peritoneal adhesions. An experimental approach with a review of the literature. Surgery60:352, 1966

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Shikata, Ji., Yamaoka, I. The role of topically applied dexamethasone in preventing peritoneal adhesions: Experimental and clinical studies. World J. Surg. 1, 389–393 (1977). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01556870

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01556870

Keywords

Navigation