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Maximal oxygen uptake, sweating and tolerance to exercise in the heat

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Abstract

The purpose of this experiment was to determine if tolerance to exercise in the heat is related to maximal oxygen uptake (max\({\dot V}\) 02) and sweating. Seven men with max\({\dot V}\) 02 between 42 and 66 ml/(min·kg) underwent one 2-hr exposure at 24°C Tq while working on a bicycle ergometer at\(\overline {\text{X}}\) rel\({\dot V}\) 02 of 28% (\(\overline {\text{X}}\) \({\dot V}\) 02 = 1.23 1/min). In the hot exposures the high capacity subjects had maximal sweat rates of 800 to 1,000 g/(hr·m2) while the lower capacity men sweated 300 to 400 g/(hr·m2). These differences in sweating were not related to neuromuscular stimuli,\({\dot V}\) 02 (metabolic rate), Tre, ΔTre,\(\overline {\text{T}}\) s, Δ\(\overline {\text{T}}\) s or tolerance time. Tolerance to exercise in the heat was not related to maximal\({\dot V}\) 02 capacity when the subjects worked at the same relative load in spite of large differences in sweating. These results question the importance of the rate of sweating for predicting work performance in hot environments.

Zusammenfassung

Das Ziel dieser Untersuchung war, zu prüfen, ob die Toleranz bei Arbeit in der Hitze in einer Beziehung steht zur maximalen O2-Aufnahme und Schwitzen. Sieben Männer mit V02 zwischen 42 – 66 ml/(min·kg) wurden belastet während 2 Stunden bei Ta 24°C und 3 × 2 Stunden bei 47°C mit Arbeit auf dem Fahrrad-Ergometer bei im Mittel von 28% V02 = 1.23 1/min. Während der Hitzebelastung zeigten die leistungsfähigen Personen Schweissekretionsraten von 800 – 1000 g/(hr·m2) und die wenig leistungsfähigen 300 – 400 g/(hr·m2). Diese Unterschiede waren ohne Beziehung zu neuromuskulären Stimuli, Stoffwechselrate, Tre, ΔTre,\(\overline {\text{T}}\) s, Δ\(\overline {\text{T}}\) s oder der Toleranzzeit. Ausdauer bei Arbeit in der Hitze war ohne Beziehung zur maximalen V02-Kapazität, wenn die Personen bei der gleichen relativen Belastung arbeiteten tro grosser Unterschiede im Schwitzen. Die Ergebnisse stellen den Wert der Schweissekretionsrate zur Voraussage der Arbeitsleistung in der Hitze in Frage.

Resume

Dans cette étude, on a cherché à voir si la tolérance au travail sous contrainte de chaleur était en relation avec la possibilité maximum d'absorption de O2 (\({\dot V}\) 02) d'une part, de transpirer d'autre part. 7 hommes présentant des\({\dot V}\) 02 compris entre 42 et 66 ml/(min · kg) ont pédalé sur un ergomètre pendant 2 heures par une Ta de 24°C et 3 × 2 heures par 47°C et cela par une\({\dot V}\) 02 relative de 28% (\(\overline {\text{X}}\) \({\dot V}\) 02 = 1,25 1/min). Durant l'effort sous contrainte de chaleur, les plus actifs ont eu des sécrétions de sueur de 800 à 1.000 g h−1 m−2 et les moins actifs de 300 à 400 g/h · m2. Ces différences étaient sans rapport avec les stimulus neuro-musculaires, le taux de métabolisme, Tre, ΔTre, Ts et ΔTs ou la durée de tolérance. L'endurance au travail sous contrainte de chaleur n'a pas été fonction de la capacité maximum de\({\dot V}\) 02, lorsque les personnes travaillaient dans des conditions analogues, même si l'on a noté de grandes différences dans la transpiration. Ces résultats mettent en doute la représentativité du taux de sécrétion de sueur comme indicatif des possibilités de travailler en atmosphère chaude.

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Greenleaf, J.E., Castle, B.L. & Ruff, W.K. Maximal oxygen uptake, sweating and tolerance to exercise in the heat. Int J Biometeorol 16, 375–387 (1972). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01553622

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