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Der celluläre cytotoxische Test in der Tumorimmunologie

The lymphocyte cytotoxicity test in tumor immunology

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Summary

The cytotoxic action of lymphocytes on cancer cells in vitro indicates sensitization of the patient against his own tumor. The technical difficulties of this test and possibilities of standardization and simplifying the procedure are discussed. Critical steps are isolation of lymphocytes and culturing target cells without loosing their specific antigenic structure. The need for specificity controls both for lymphocytes and tumor cells is emphasized.

Labelling tumor cells with isotopes represents a major improvement in evaluating the result. The role of thymus- and bone marrow-dependent lymphocytes as well as blocking factors in the serum of tumor patients can be analyzed in the cytotoxic assay. A better understanding of these mechanisms may facilitate a therapeutic approach by manipulating the interaction of tumor cells and host.

Zusammenfassung

Die cytotoxische Reaktion von Lymphocyten gegen Krebszellen in vitro liefert ein Maß für die Sensibilisierung eines Patienten gegen seinen eigenen Tumor. Die technischen Schwierigkeiten dieses in vitro-Testes und die Möglichkeiten einer weiteren Standardisierung und Vereinfachung werden diskutiert. Kritisch sind insbesondere die Methodik der Lymphocytenisolie-rung und die Züchtung von Target-Zellen unter Erhaltung ihrer Antigenstruktur. Die Spezifität der Reaktion muß durch Kontrollen sowohl bei den Lymphocyten wie bei den Target-Zellen gesichert werden.

Die Markierung der Tumorzellen mit Isotopen erleichtert die Auswertung erbeblich. Die Rolle von thymus- bzw. knochenmarks-abhängigen Lymphocyten sowie blockierender Faktoren im Serum von Tumorpatienten ist durch den Test einer Analyse zugänglich. Erst eine bessere Kenntnis dieser Vorgänge wird therapeutische Versuche ermöglichen, die Beziehung zwischen Tumor und Wirtsorganismus gezielt zu beeinflussen.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, New York

    H. W. Pees

  2. I. Medizinische Klinik der Universität des Saarlandes, 665 Homburg/Saar

    H. W. Pees

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Mit Unterstützung der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft Pe 163/1–4.

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Pees, H.W. Der celluläre cytotoxische Test in der Tumorimmunologie. Klin Wochenschr 53, 1–6 (1975). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01466850

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