Abstract
Uniformly14C-labelled 1-chloro-polychlorohexadecane (PCHD) of high chlorine content (69% w/w) was given to Japanese quail and to C57B1 mice perorally (p.o.) and intravenously (i.v.). The degradation of PCHD to14CO2, measured during 8 h, was found to be minute (about 1% of dose) in both species after either route of administration. In mice 66 and 43% of dose was eliminated in the feces during 96 h following p.o. and i.v. administration, respectively; the urinary excretion was about 3% in both cases. In quail, the combined fecal and urinary excretion during 96 h after p.o. administration was 58% of dose. The autoradiographic distribution following p.o. administration showed some general similarities between mice and quail; high radioactivities were present in bile, liver, kidney, and intestinal contents up to 24 h after administration. In addition, in quail high radioactivity was present in the hypophysis, retina, blood, and egg yolk. In mice strong accumulation and retention was observed in the corpora lutea up to 30 days after administration. A long time retention in fat occurred in both species.
References
Bakke JE, Bergman ÅL, Larsen GL (1982) Metabolism of 2,4′,5-trichlorobiphenyl by the mercapturic acid pathway. Science 217:645–647
Bengtsson B-E, Baumann Ofstad E (1982) Long term studies on uptake and elimination of some chlorinated paraffins in the bleak,Alburnus alburnus. Ambio 11:38–40
Bengtsson B-E, Svanberg O, Lindén E, Lunde G, Baumann Ofstad E (1979) Structure related uptake of chlorinated paraffins in bleaks (Alburnus alburnus L.). Ambio 8:121–122
Bergman Å, Leonardsson I, Wachtmeister CA (1981) Synthesis of polychlorinated (14C)alkanes (PCA) of high specific activity. Chemosphere 10:857–863
Biessmann A (1982) Effect of PCBs on gonads, sex hormone balance and reproduction processes of Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) after ingestion during sexual maturation. Environ Pollut A 27:15–30
Biessmann A, Brandt I, Darnerud PO (1982) Comparative distribution and metabolism of two14C-labelled chlorinated paraffins in Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica). Environ Pollut A 28:109–120
Birtley RDN, Conning DM, Daniel JW, Ferguson DM, Longstaff E, Swan AAB (1980) The toxicological effects of chlorinated paraffins in mammals. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 54:514–525
Bungay PM, Dedrick RL, Matthews MB (1980) Enteric transport of chlordecone in the rat. J Pharmacokinet Biopharm 9:309–341
Campbell I, McConnell G (1980) Chlorinated paraffins in the environment. 1. Environmental occurrence. Environ Sci Technol 14:1209–1214
Darnerud PO, Brandt I (1982) Studies on the distribution and metabolism of a14C-labelled chlorinated alkane in mice. Environ Pollut A 27:45–56
Darnerud PO, Biessmann A, Brandt I (1982) Metabolic fate of chlorinated paraffins: degree of chlorination of [1-14C]-chlorododecanes in relation to degradation and excretion in mice. Arch Toxicol (Berl) 50:217–226
Howard PH, Santodonato J, Saxena J (1975) Investigation of potential environmental contaminants: chlorinated paraffins. US EPA Final Report EPA-560/2-75-007, office of Toxic Substances. Washington DC, 122 pp
Jensen S, Kihlstrom JE, Olsson M, Lundberg C, Örberg J (1977) Effects of PCB and DDT on mink (Mustela vision) during the reproductive season. Ambio 6:239
Madeley JR, Birtley RDN (1980) Chlorinated paraffins in the environment. 2. Aquatic and avian toxicology. Environ Sci Technol 14:1215–1221
Nilsen OG, Toftgård R (1981) Effects of polychlorinated terphenyls and paraffins on rat liver microsomal cytochrome P-450 and in vitro metabolic activities. Arch Toxicol (Berl) 47:1–11
Nilsen OG, Toftgård R, Glaumann H (1981) Effects of chlorinated paraffins on rat liver microsomal activities and morphology. Importance of the length and the degree of chlorination of the carbon chain. Arch Toxicol (Berl) 49:1–13
Richie PJ, Peterle TJ (1979) Effects of DDE on circulating luteinizing hormone levels in ring doves during courtship and nesting. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 23:220–226
Rozman K, Rozman T, Ballhorn L, Greim H (1982) Hexadecane enhances non-biliary intestinal excretion of stored hexachlorobenzene by rats. Toxicology 24:107–113
Svanberg O, Bengtsson B-E, Lindén E, Lunde G, Baumann Ofstad E (1978) Chlorinated paraffins — A case of accumulation in fish? Ambio 7:64–65
Svanberg O, Lindén E (1979) Chlorinated paraffins — An environmental hazard? Ambio 8:206–209
Ullberg S (1954) Studies on the distribution and the fate of S35-labelled benzylpenicillin in the body. Acta Radiol [Suppl] (Stockh) 118:1–110
Ullberg S (1977) The technique of whole body autoradiography. Cryosectioning of large specimen. Sci Tools Special Issue pp 2–29
Zitko V, Arsenault E (1974) Chlorinated paraffins: properties, uses and pollution potential. Environment Canada, Fisheries and Marine Service, technical report no. 491, 42 pp
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Biessmann, A., Darnerud, P.O. & Brandt, I. Chlorinated paraffins: Disposition of a highly chlorinated polychlorohexadecane in mice and quail. Arch Toxicol 53, 79–86 (1983). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01460004
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01460004