Abstract
The diffusion equation describing the response of a system in a steady nonequilibrium state to a nonuniform external perturbation is derived from the Boltzmann equation. For transient processes, the diffusion equation governs the slow (final) stage of the process, irrespective to the form of the initial distribution. The initial velocity distribution becomes the local steady-state distribution during the first fast stage of the process. This fast initial relaxation affects only the initial condition for the diffusion equation.
Some principal features of the nonequilibrium diffusion constant are discussed. As an illustration, the diffusion constant of hot electrons is calculated in the electron temperature approximation.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Lax, M.: Rev. mod. Phys.32, 25 (1960)
Price, P. J.: Fluctuation phenomena in solids, chapter 8, Ed. R. E. Burgess. New York and London: Academic Press 1965
Gantsevich, S. V., Gurevich, V. L., Katilius, R.: Zh. Eksp. Teor. Fiz.57, 503 (1969) (Soviet Physics JETP30, 276 (1970))
Gantsevich, S. V., Gurevich, V. L., Katilius, R.: Zh. Eksp. Teor. Fiz.59, 533 (1970) (Soviet Physics JETP32, 291 (1971))
Gantsevich, S. V., Gurevich, V. L., Kagan, V. D., Katilius, R.: Proceedings of the Second Int. Conf. on Light Scattering in Solids, Paris 1971. Flammarion Sciences, Paris. p. 94
Schlup, W. A.: Phys. kondens. Materie13, 307 (1971)
Uhlenbeck, G. E., Ford, G. W.: Lectures in Statistical Mechanics, chapters 4 and 6. American Mathematical Society, Providence, Rhode Island, 1963
Gulyaev, Yu. V.: Fizika i Technika Poluprovodnikov3, 246 (1969) (Soviet Physics Semiconductors3, 203 (1969))
Gurevich, V. L.: Zh. Eksp. Teor. Fiz.43, 1771 (1962) (Soviet Physics JETP16, 1252 (1963))
Gurevich, V. L., Katilius, R.: Zh. Eksp. Teor. Fiz.49, 1145 (1965) (Soviet Physics JETP22, 796 (1966))
Kogan, Sh. M., Shulman, A. Ya.: Zh. Eksp. Teor. Fiz.56, 862 (1969) (Soviet Physics JETP29, 467 (1969))
Dienys, V., Pozhela, J.: Hot Electrons (in Russian), chapter 10. Mintis Publishing House, Vilnius 1971
Volkov, A. F., Kogan, Sh. M.: Usp. Fiz. Nauk.96, 633 (1968) (Soviet Physics Uspekhi11, 881 (1969))
Shulman, A. Ya.: Fiz. Tverd. Tela12, 1181 (1970) (Soviet Physics Solid State12, 922 (1970))
Levinson, J. B.: Fiz. Tverd. Tela7, 1362 (1965) (Soviet Physics Solid State7, 1098 (1965))
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Gantsevich, S.V., Gurevich, V.L. & Katilius, R. Diffusion near nonequilibrium steady state. Phys cond Matter 18, 165–178 (1974). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01458152
Received:
Revised:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01458152