Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Observational studies of teacher role

Beobachtungsstudien über die lehrerrolle

Etudes d'observation relatives au role de l'enseignant

  • Main Articles
  • Part Two — Conceptual Framework
  • Published:
International Review of Education Aims and scope Submit manuscript

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Bibliography

  1. Adams, Raymond S. and Biddle, Bruce J., “Adams-Biddle System” in A. Simon and E. G. Boyer,Mirrors for Behavior, from Biddle, B. J. & Adams, R. S. “An Analysis of Classroom Research”, Final Report, U.S.O.E., University of Missouri, Columbia, 1967.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Adams, Raymond S. and Biddle, Bruce J.,Realities of Teaching: Explorations with Videotape. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1969.

    Google Scholar 

  3. Adams, Raymond S. “Location as a Feature of Instructional Interaction”,Merrill-Palmer Quarterly, 15, 1969, Nr. 4.

  4. Altman, Harold,A Science Observation System. Unpubl., University of California, Los Angeles, 1969.

    Google Scholar 

  5. Amidon, Edmund J., “Modified Category System” in A. Simon & E. G. Boyer,Mirrors for Behavior, 1970.

  6. Amidon, Edmund J. and Hunter, Elizabeth,Improving Teaching: The Analysis of Classroom Verbal Interaction. New York: Holt, Rinehart & Winston, 1966.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Amidon, Edmund J. and Hunter, Elizabeth, “Verbal Interaction Category System” in A. Simon & E. G. Boyer,Mirrors for Behavior, 1970.

  8. Amidon, Edmund J. and Giammatteo, Michael. “The Verbal Behavior of Superior Elementary Teachers” in Edmund J. Amidon & John B. Hough (Eds.),Interaction Analysis: Theory, Research and Application. Reading, Mass.: Addison-Wesley, 1967.

    Google Scholar 

  9. Amidon, Peggy,Nonverbal Interaction Analysis. Washington, D.C.: AERA, 1970.

    Google Scholar 

  10. Anderson, Alexander S., “An Analysis of Instructor-Student Classroom Interaction”,Journal of Medical Education, 41, 1966.

  11. Anderson, Harold H., “The Measurement of Domination and of Socially Integrative Behavior in Teachers' Contacts with Children”,Child Development, 10, 1939.

  12. Anderson, H. H., Brewer, J. E., Reed, Mary F., “Studies of Teachers' Classroom Personalities. III. Follow-up Studies of the Effects of Dominative and Integrative Contacts on Children's Behavior”,App. Psychol. Monogr., 11, 1946.

  13. Aschner, Mary Jane and Gallagher, James J., “Aschner-Gallagher System” in A. Simon and E. G. Boyer,Mirrors for Behavior, 1970.

  14. Bales, Robert F., “A Theoretical Framework for Interaction Process Analysis” in Cartwright, Darwin & Alvin, Zander (Eds.),Group Dynamics: Research and Theory. New York: Row, Peterson and Co., 1953.

    Google Scholar 

  15. Bales, Robert F.,Personality and Interpersonal Behavior. New York: Holt Rinehart and Winston, 1970.

    Google Scholar 

  16. Barker, R. G. and Wright, H. F.,Midwest and its Children. New York: Row, Peterson and Co., 1954.

    Google Scholar 

  17. Barnes, Douglas,Language in the Secondary Classroom: An Introduction to the Analytical Instrument. Leeds: University of Leeds Press, 1969.

    Google Scholar 

  18. Barr, A. S.,Characteristic Differences in the Teaching Performance of Good and Poor Teachers of the Social Studies. Bloomington, Ill.: Public School Publishing Co., 1929.

    Google Scholar 

  19. Barron, Nancy,Grammatical Case and Role Differentiation in the Classroom. Washington, D.C.: AERA, 1970.

    Google Scholar 

  20. Bellack, Arno A. and Davitz, Joel,The Language of the Classroom. New York: Teachers College, U.S.O.E. Co-op. Research Project, 1497, 1963.

    Google Scholar 

  21. Bellack, Arno A., Kliebard, H. M., Hyman, R. T., Smith, Frank L.jr.,The Language of the Classroom. New York: Teachers College Press, Columbia University, 1966.

    Google Scholar 

  22. Biddle, Bruce J. and Thomas, E. J.,Role Theory: Concepts and Research. New York: Wiley and Sons, 1966.

    Google Scholar 

  23. Blumbaugh, J., “The Effects of Positive and Negative Audience Feedback on Selected Variables of Speech Behavior of Normal-Speaking College Students”,Dissertation Abstracts, 27, 1948-A, 1966.

    Google Scholar 

  24. Bondi, J. C. Jr., “The Effects of Interaction Analysis Feedback on the Verbal Behaviour of Student Teachers”,Educational Leadership. 26, 1969.

  25. Broden, Marcia, Bruce, C., Mitchell, M. A., Carter, V., Hall, R. V., “Effects of Teacher Attention on Attending Behavior of Two Boys at Adjacent Desks”,Journal of App. Behavior Analysis, 3, 1970, Nr. 3.

  26. Brookover, W. B. and Gottlieb, David,A Sociology of Education. New York: American Book Co., 1964.

    Google Scholar 

  27. Brophy, Jere E. and Good, Thomas L. “Teachers' Communication of Differential Expectations for Children's Classroom Performance: Some Behavioral Data”,Journal of Educational Psychology, 61, 1970, Nr. 5.

  28. Brown, Bob Burton, “Teacher Practices Observation Record” in Webb, J. N. and Brown, B. B.,Pluralism in the Analysis of Classroom Behavior. Unpubl., University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, 1969.

    Google Scholar 

  29. Brown, Bob Burton; Ober, R. L., Soar, R. S., Webb, J. N.Florida Taxonomy of Cognitive Behavior. Unpubl., University of Florida, Gainesville, 1968.

    Google Scholar 

  30. Buehler, Roy E. and Richmond, Jo F., “Interpersonal Communication Behavior Analysis: A Research Method”,Journal of Communication, 13, 1963.

  31. Carll, Carol G. and Davis, O. L. Jr.,Verbal Teaching Behaviors of Teachers of Mathematics in Second and Fifth Grades. Washington, D.C.: AERA, 1970.

    Google Scholar 

  32. Clark, M., Lachowitz, J., Wolf, M. M., “A Pilot Basic Education Program for School Drop-outs Incorporating a Token Reinforcement System”,Behaviour Research and Therapy, 6, 1968.

  33. Clements, Robert Donald, “Question Types, Patterns, and Sequences Used by Art Teachers in the Classroom”. U.S.O.E. Co-op. Research Project S-161, Pennsylvania State University, 1964.

  34. Coates, Carolie; Harvey, O. J., White, B. Jack,Observation Scales of Classroom Atmosphere and Student Behavior: A Replication and Refinement. Washington, D.C.: AERA, 1970.

    Google Scholar 

  35. Cohen, Rosalie A., “Conceptual Styles, Culture Conflict and Nonverbal Tests of Intelligence”,American Anthropologist, 71, 1969.

  36. Cornell, F. G., Lindvall, C. N. and Saupe, J. L.,An Exploratory Measurement of Individualities of Schools and Classrooms. Urbana: Bureau of Educational Research, University of Illinois, 1952.

    Google Scholar 

  37. Cooperative Educational Research Laboratory, Inc.CERLI Verbal-Behavior Classification System. U. S. O. E. Report, OEC-3-7-061391-3061, 1969.

  38. Crispin, David B. and Walker, Kenneth P.,Socially Maladjusted Children in the Classroom: An Interaction Analysis. Washington, D.C.: A.E.R.A., 1970.

    Google Scholar 

  39. Dahllöf, Urban S. and Lundgren, U. P.,Macro and Micro Approaches Combined for Curriculum Process Analysis: A Swedish Educational Field Project. University of Göteborg, Institute of Education, Report No. 10, April 1970.

  40. Denny, David A., Rusch, Rueben and Ives, Sammie,Denny, Rusch, Ives' Classroom Creativity Observation Schedule. Unpubl. Report, State University College, Oneonta, New York, 1969.

    Google Scholar 

  41. Dodl, Norman R.,Pupil Questioning Behavior in the Context of Classroom Interaction. Unpubl. Ph.D. thesis, Stanford University, 1965.

  42. Duthie, J. H.,Primary School Survey: A Study of the Teacher's Day. Edinburgh: Her Majesty's Stationery Office, 1970.

    Google Scholar 

  43. Ehman, Lee H.,A Comparison of Three Sources of Classroom Data: Teachers, Students, and Systematic Observation. Washington, D.C.: AERA, 1970

    Google Scholar 

  44. Emmer, Edmund T.et al., The Effects of Feedback Expectancy on Teacher Trainees' Preferences for Teaching Styles. Washington, D.C.: AERA, 1970 and ERIC ed. 041 834.

    Google Scholar 

  45. Felsenthal, Helen,Sex Differences in Teacher-Pupil Interaction in First Grade Reading Instruction. Washington, D.C.: AERA, 1970.

    Google Scholar 

  46. Felsenthal, Helen,Pupil Sex as a Variable in Teacher Perception of Classroom Behavior. Washington, D.C.: AERA, 1971.

    Google Scholar 

  47. Finn, Jeremy D.,Expectations and the Educational Environment. Washington, D.C.: AERA, 1970.

    Google Scholar 

  48. Flanders, Ned. A.,Teacher Influence, Pupil Attitudes and Achievement. U.S.O.E. Co-op. Research Project 397, University of Minnesota, 1960.

  49. Flanders, Ned. A.,Analyzing Teaching Behavior. Reading, Mass.: Addison-Wesley, 1970.

    Google Scholar 

  50. Fuller, Frances F.,FAIR System Manual. Austin: Research and Development Center for Teacher Education, University of Texas, 1969.

    Google Scholar 

  51. Furst, Norma, “The Effects of Training in Interaction Analysis on the Behavior of Student Teachers in Secondary Schools” in E. J. Amidon & J. B. Hough (Eds.),Interaction Analysis: Theory, Research and Application. Reading, Mass.: Addison-Wesley, 1967.

    Google Scholar 

  52. Gage, N. L. et al., “Exploration of the Teacher's Effectiveness in Lecturing” in Ian Westbury and Arno A. Bellack (Eds.),Research into Classroom Processes: Recent Developments and Next Steps. Ch. 9. New York: Teachers College Press, Columbia University, 1971.

    Google Scholar 

  53. Gallagher, James, “Topic Classification System” in A. Simon and E. G. Boyer,Mirrors for Behavior, 1970.

  54. Galloway, Charles,A Description of Teacher Behavior: Verbal and Nonverbal. Unpubl., Ohio State University, Colombus, 1968.

    Google Scholar 

  55. Glynn, E. L., “Classroom Applications of Self-Determined Reinforcement”,Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 3, 1970.

  56. Glynn, E. L. and Quinnell, Jocelyn Y., “Modification of Non-Task Behavior in the Classroom Through Contingent Teacher Remarks”, New ZealandJournal of Educational Studies, Nov. 1971.

  57. Gump, Paul V., “What' s Happening in the Elementary Classroom”, in Ian Westbury and Arno A. Bellack (Eds.),Research into Classroom Processes: Recent evelopment & Next Steps. New York: Teachers College Press, Columbia University, 1971.

    Google Scholar 

  58. Hall, R. Vance, Christler, Connie, Cranston, Sharon S. and Tucker, Bonnie, “Teachers and Parents as Researchers Using Multiple Baseline Designs”,Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 3, 1970, No. 4.

  59. Halsey, A. H., Floud, J. and Anderson, C. A.,Education, Economy & Society. New York: Glencoe Free Press, 1961.

    Google Scholar 

  60. Harrington, G. M., “Smiling as a Measure of Teacher Effectiveness”,Journal of Educational Research, 48, 1955.

  61. Havighurst, R. J. and Neugarten, B. L.,Society and Education. Boston: llyn & Bacon, 1957.

    Google Scholar 

  62. Herbert, John,Analysis of Lessons: A New Development in the Analysis of Teaching, and a Research Report. Washington, D.C.: AERA, 1966.

    Google Scholar 

  63. Hill, Russell A. and Medley, Donald M.,Goal Oriented Teaching Exercise. Methodology for Measuring the Effects of Teaching Strategies. Washington, D.C.: AERA, 1969.

    Google Scholar 

  64. Hill, W. M.,The Effects on Verbal Teaching Behavior on Learning Interaction Analysis as an In-service Education Activity. Unpubl. Ph.D. thesis, Ohio State University, 1966.

  65. Hilsum, S. and Cane, B.,The Teaching Day. London: National Foundation for Educational Research in England and Wales, 1971.

    Google Scholar 

  66. Honigman, Fred K., “Multidimensional Analysis of Classroom Interaction”, in A. Simon and E. G. BoyerMirrors for Behavior, 1970.

  67. Hough, John B., “Hough System” in A. Simon and E. G. Boyer,Mirrors for Behavior, 1970.

  68. Hough, J. B. and Ober, R., “The Effects of Training in Interaction Analysis on the Verbal Teaching Behavior of Pre-service Teachers” in E. J. Amidon and J. B. Hough (Eds.),Interaction Analysis: Theory, Research and Application. Reading, Mass.: Addison-Wesley, 1967.

    Google Scholar 

  69. Hoyle, Eric,The Role of the Teacher. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1969.

    Google Scholar 

  70. Hudgins, Bryce B.,The Instructional Process. Chicago: Rand McNally, 1971.

    Google Scholar 

  71. Hughes, Marie,Development of the Means for the Assessment of the Quality of Teaching in Elementary Schools. Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press, 1959.

    Google Scholar 

  72. Hughes, Marie, “Hughes System” in A. Simon and E. G. Boyer,Mirrors for Behavior, 1970.

  73. Hunter, Elizabeth,The Effect of Training in the Use of New Science Programs upon the Classroom Verbal Behavior of First Grade Teachers as they Teach Science. Unpubl. Report, City University of New York, Hunter College, 1969.

  74. Jansen, Mogens, “Background Information for the Registration Form”. (Danish). Correspondence between Dr. Jansen, Danish Institute for EducationalResearch and Dr. Simon, Research for Better Schools, Philadelphia, 1968.

  75. Jason, Hilliard, “A Study of Medical Teaching Practices”,Journal of Medical Education, 37, 1962.

  76. Jeffs, G. A., Foss, J., Hollingshead, L., Mills, G. and Reese, D.,The Effects of Training in Interaction Analysis on the Verbal Behavior of Teachers. Research Report, Ed. W. Clark High School, Las Vegas, 1968. (mimeogr.)

  77. Johnson, Thomas J., Baldwin, T. and Wiley, David E.,Teacher's Perception and Attribution of Causation. Washington, D.C.: AERA, 1970.

    Google Scholar 

  78. Jose, Jean and Cody, John J., “Teacher-Pupil Interaction as it Relates to Attempted Changes in Teacher Expectancy of Academic Ability and Achievement”,American Educational Research Journal, 8, 1971, No. 1.

  79. Joyce, Bruce R., “Joyce System” in A. Simon and E. G. Boyer,Mirrors for Behavior, 1970.

  80. Klein, Susan S., “Student Influence on Teacher Behavior”,American Educational Research Journal, 8, 1971, No. 3.

  81. Kounin, J. S., “An Analysis of Teachers' Managerial Techniques”,Psychology in the Schools, 4, 1967.

  82. Kysilka, Marcella L.,The Verbal Behaviors of Mathematics and Social Studies eachers in Eighth and Eleventh Grades. Ph. D. Thesis, University of Texas, Austin, 1969.

    Google Scholar 

  83. Lewin, Kurt, Lippitt, R. and White, R. K., “Patterns of Aggressive Behavior in Experimentally Created ‘Social Climates’ ”,Journal of Social Psychology, 10, 1939.

  84. Linton, R.,The Study of Man. New York: Appleton-Century, 1936.

    Google Scholar 

  85. Longabaugh, Richard,Resource-Process Coding 1969. Its Relevance to the Classroom. Unpubl. Report, McLean Hospital, Belmont, Mass., 1969.

    Google Scholar 

  86. Loflin, Marvin D., Cuyette, T. W. and Biddle, B. J.,Implications of the Linguistic Differences between Black-Ghetto and White Suburban Classrooms. Washington, D. C.: AERA, 1970.

    Google Scholar 

  87. Matthews, Charles C., “Elementary School Science Project Evaluation Report.” ERIC Ed 035 553, Florida State University, 1969a.

  88. Matthews, Charles C., “Child-Structured Learning in Science: A Research and Development Project of the Department of Science Education, Florida State University” in A. Simon and E. G. Boyer,Mirrors for Behavior, 1970. Unpubl. Report, 1969b.

  89. McDaniel, Gary D.,Comparison of Verbal Behavior of Teachers Teaching both Adult Basic Education and Public School Classes. ERIC Ed 039 467. Unpubl. Ph. D. thesis, Texas State University, 1969.

  90. Macdonald, James B. and Zaret, Ester, “Report of a Study of Openness in Classroom Interactions”. Parts published in Hyman, R. T.,Teaching: Vantage Points for Study. New York: Lippincott Co., 1968.

    Google Scholar 

  91. Medley, Donald M., “Observation Schedule and Record” in A. Simon and E. G. Boyer,Mirrors for Behavior, 1970.

  92. Medley, Donald M. and Hill, Russell A.,Cognitive Factors in Teaching Style, Washington, D. C.: AERA, 1970.

    Google Scholar 

  93. Medley, Donald M., Impellittory, J. T. and Smith, L. H.,Coding Teachers' Verbal Behavior in the Classroom: A Manual for Users of OScAR 4 V. Office of Research and Evaluation, Division of Teacher Education, City University of New York.

  94. Medley, Donald M. and Mitzel, H. E., “Application of Analysis of Variance n.d. to the Estimation of the Reliability of Observations of Teachers' Classroom Behavior.”Journal of Experimental Education, 27, 1958.

  95. Mid-Continental Regional Educational Laboratory, “MCREL Interaction Analysis System” inTeacher Behavior Relevant to Student Self-Directed Learning. Unpubl. Report, 1967.

  96. Miller, George L. and Hughes, Marie, “Miller-Hughes System”, in A. Simon and E. G. BoyerMirrors for Behavior, 1970.

  97. Mills, Theodore M.,Group Transformation: An Analysis of a Learning Group. Englewood Cliffs, N. J.: Prentice Hall, 1964.

    Google Scholar 

  98. Mitzel, H. E. and Rabinowitz, W., “Assessing Social-Emotional Climate in the Classroom by Withall's Technique”,Psychol. Monogr. 67, 1953, No. 18.

    Google Scholar 

  99. Morsh, J. E., “Development Report — Systematic Observation of Instructor Behavior”.U.S.A.F. Pers. Train. Res. Cent. for Develpt. Rept. No. AFPTRC-TN-56-52, 1956.

  100. Moskowitz, Gertrude, “Foreign Language Interaction System” in A. Simon and E. G. Boyer,Mirrors for Behavior, 1970.

  101. Moskowitz, Gertrude, “The Attitudes and Teaching Patterns of Cooperating Teachers and Student Teachers Trained in Interaction Analysis” in E. J. Amidon & J. B. Hough (Eds.),Interaction Analysis: Theory, Research and Application, Reading, Mass.: Addison-Wesley, 1967.

    Google Scholar 

  102. Murphy, Patricia D.,Conceptual Systems and Teaching Styles. Washington, D.C.: AERA, 1970.

    Google Scholar 

  103. Mursell, J. L.,Successful Teaching. New York: McGraw Hill, 1946.

    Google Scholar 

  104. Musgrave, P. W.,The Sociology of Education. London: Methuen, 1965.

    Google Scholar 

  105. Musgrove, F. and Taylor, P. H.,Society and the Teacher's Role. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1969.

    Google Scholar 

  106. Neujahr, J.,A Descriptive Study of Individualized Instruction. Washington, D.C.: AERA, 1970.

    Google Scholar 

  107. Nuthall, Graham,Teacher Verbal Behavior and Pupil Learning. University of Canterbury, n.d.

  108. Nuthall, G. A. and Lawrence, P. J.,Thinking in the Classroom: The Development of a Method of Analysis. Wellington: NZCER, 1965.

    Google Scholar 

  109. Ober, Richard L.,The Reciprocal Category System RCS. West Virginia niversity, Morgantown, 1968.

    Google Scholar 

  110. Ober, Richard L., Wood, S. E. and Cunningham, G.,Simultaneous Use of Four Different Observational Systems to Assess Student Teacher Behavior. Washington, D.C.: AERA, 1970.

    Google Scholar 

  111. Oliver, Donald W. and Shaver, J. P., “Oliver-Shaver System” in A. Simon and E. G. BoyerMirrors for Behavior, 1970.

  112. Openshaw, M. Karl and Cyphert, F.R., “Taxonomy of Teacher Behavior” in A. Simon and E.G. BoyerMirrors for Behavior, 1970.

  113. Oppenlander, Lester,Classroom Interaction and Pupil Affect. Washington, D.C.: AERA, 1970.

    Google Scholar 

  114. Orme, Michael E. J.,Effects of Cueing and Modeling Variables in Teacher Training Systems. Washington, D.C.: AERA., 1970.

    Google Scholar 

  115. Pavalko, R. M.,Sociology of Education: A Book of Readings. Itasca, Ill.: Peacock Publ., 1968.

    Google Scholar 

  116. Perkins, Hugh V., “A Procedure for Assessing the Classroom Behavior of Students and Teachers”.American Educational Research Journal, 1, 1964.

  117. Power, C. M., “The Question and Answer Game”,South Australian Science Teachers Journal, December 1969.

  118. Puckett, R. C., “Making Supervision Objective”.School Review, 36, 1928.

  119. Ribble, Robert B. and Schultz, Charles B.,The Social-Substantive Schedule: A Language for the Assessment of Congruence between Operationally Stated Objectives and Instructional Implementation. Unpubl. Report, Pennsylvania State University, 1968.

  120. Roberts, William Lloyd,Modes of Communication: A Model for Studying Teacher-Student Interaction. Unpubl. Ph. D. thesis, Princeton Theological Seminary, 1968.

  121. Robertson, E. Wayne,An Approach to Teacher In-service: Teacher Self-Appraisal. Unpubl. Report, EPIC Evaluation Center, Tuscon, Arizona, n.d.

  122. Rosenfeld, H. M., “Non-Verbal Reciprocation of Approval: An Experimental Analysis”,Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 3, 1967.

  123. Rosenshine, Barak,Teaching Behaviors and Student Achievement. International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement. London: N.F.E.R., 1970.

    Google Scholar 

  124. Ryans, D. C.,Characteristics of Teachers. Washington D. C.: American Council on Education, 1960.

    Google Scholar 

  125. Sandefur, J. T.et al, Teacher Expectation as a Modifier of Teaching Behavior. Kansas State Teachers College, Emporia, Final Report U.S.O.E. ERIC Ed 035 598, 1969.

  126. Sarbin, T. R. and Allen, V. L., “Increasing Participation in a Natural Group Setting: A Preliminary Report”,The Psychological Report, 18, 1968.

  127. Schalock, H. Del,An Overview of the Teaching Research System for the Description of Teaching Behavior in Context. Unpubl. Report Teaching Research Division, Oregon State System of Higher Education, and University of Washington, Seattle, 1969.

  128. Schusler, Richard A.,The Classroom Interaction Management Analysis Record: A Method of Categorizing Interaction in the Classroom. Unpubl. Report, Park College, Parkville, Mo., 1966.

  129. Simon, Anita and Agazarian, Yvonne, “Sequential Analysis of Verbal Interaction” in A. Simon and E. G. Boyer,Mirrors for Behavior, 1970.

  130. Simon, Anita and Boyer, E. Gil (Eds.),Mirrors for Behavior: An Anthology of Classroom Observation Instruments. Summary Volume. Philadelphia: Research for Better Schools Inc., 1970.

    Google Scholar 

  131. Smith, B. Othanel, “A Concept in Teaching” in B. Othanel Smith and Robert H. EnnisLanguage and Concepts in Education. Chicago: Rand McNally, 1961.

    Google Scholar 

  132. Smith, B. Othanel and Ennis, Robert H.,Language and Concepts in Education. Chicago: Rand McNally, 1961.

    Google Scholar 

  133. Smith, B. Othanel & Meux, Milton O.,A Study of the Logic of Teaching. Urbana, Ill.: Bureau of Educational Research, College of Education, University of Illinois, Urbana, 1962.

    Google Scholar 

  134. Smith, B. Othanel, Meux, M., Coombs, J., Nuthall, G. & Precians, R.,A Study of the Strategies of Teaching. Urbana, Ill.: Bureau of Educational Research, College of Education, University of Illinois, Urbana, 1967.

    Google Scholar 

  135. Smothergill, Nancy L.et al,The Effects of Manipulation of Teacher Communication Style in the Pre-school. Biennial Meeting of Society for Research in Child Development, Santa Monica College, 1969.

  136. Soar, Robert S.,An Integrative Approach to Classroom Learning. Temple University Report on NIMH, 1966.

  137. Soar, Robert S.,Pupil Growth over Two Years in Relation to Differences in Classroom Process. Washington, D.C.: AERA, 1967.

    Google Scholar 

  138. Soar, Robert S.,Teacher-Pupil Interaction and Pupil Growth. Washington, D.C.: AERA, 1970.

    Google Scholar 

  139. Solomon, D., “Teacher Behavior Dimensions, Course Characteristics, and Student Evaluations of Teachers”.American Educational Research Journal, 3, 1966.

  140. Solomon, Gerard O., “Taxonomy of Image Provocation Profile”.A System for Planning and Assessing Imagery in the Classroom Teaching-Learning Situation. Washington, D.C.: AERA, 1969.

    Google Scholar 

  141. Spaulding, Robert L., “Spaulding Teacher Activity Rating Schedule” in A. Simon and E. G. BoyerMirrors for Behavior, 1970.

  142. Stevens, Romiett (Ed.), “Stenographic Reports of High School Lessons”,Teachers College Record, 11, 1910.

  143. Stukat, Karl-Gustaf and Engström, Ragnar, “TV-Observations of Teacher Activities in the Classroom”.Pedagogisk Forskning, 11, 1967.

  144. Taba, Hilda, “Taba-System” in A. Simon and E. G. BoyerMirrors for Behavior, 1970.

  145. Tisher, R. P.,A Study of Verbal Interaction in Science Classes and its Association with Pupil's Understanding in Science. University of Queensland Press, 1970.

  146. Tisher, R. P., “Analyses of Classroom Behaviour: Their Relevance for Teachers”,Australian Science Teachers Journal, 3, 1971.

  147. Tyler, Louise L., “The Utilization of Psychoanalytic Concepts for Assessing Classroom Transaction”,Journal of Educational Research, 60, 1967.

  148. Waimon, Marton D., “The Study of Teaching Behavior by Prospective Teachers” in Corrigan, Dean (Ed.),The Study of Teaching. Association for Student Teaching, 1967.

  149. Wallen, Norman E., Moohr, M., Hall, S. P. and Weisberg, K.,Step Observation Schedule. Sausalito Teacher Education Project: Final Report, San Francisco State College, 1968.

  150. Ward, Michael and Becker, Bruce, “Reinforcement Therapy in the Classroom”,Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 1, 1968.

  151. Weber, Wilford A.,Overview of the Development of the MCREL Interaction Analysis System. Unpubl., Syracuse University, 1969.

  152. Wispe, L. G., “Evaluatlopment of a Climate Index”,Journal of Educational esearch, 45, 1951.

  153. Withall, J.,Lewis, ing Section Teaching Methods in the Introductory Course”,Journal of Educational Research 45, 1951.

  154. Withall, J., “Development of a Technique for the Measurement of Socioemotional Climate in Classrooms”,Journal of Experimental Education, 17, 1949.

  155. Withall, J., “The DeveW. W. and Newell, J. M.,Trends in Observing and Recording Classroom Interaction. Chicago National Society of College Teachers of Education, 1962.

  156. Wolf, M. M., Giles, D. K. and Hall, R. V., “Experiments with Token Reinforcement in a Remedial Classroom”,Behaviour Research and Therapy, 6, 1968.

  157. Wragg, E. C.,Collecting Interaction Data in the Foreign Language Classroom. Unpubl., Exeter University, 1969.

  158. Wright, C. J. and Nuthall, G.,The Relationships between Teacher Behaviors and Pupil Achievement in Three Experimental Elementary Science Lessons. School of Education, University of Canterbury (mimeogr.) 1969.

  159. Wright, Muriel J., “Development of an Instrument for Studying Verbal Behaviors in a Secondary School Mathematics Classroom”,Journal of Education, 28, 1959.

  160. Wright, Muriel J. and Proctor, Virginia H.,Systematic Observation of Verbal Interaction as a Method of Comparing Mathematics Lessons. U.S.O.E., Co-op. Research Project 816, St. Louis, Mo.: Washington University, 1961.

    Google Scholar 

  161. Wrightstone, J. W., “Measuring Teacher Conduct of Class Discussion”,Elementary School Journal, 34, 1934.

  162. Yee, Albert H. (Ed.),Social Interaction in Educational Settings. Englewood Cliffs, N. J.: Prentice Hall, 1971.

    Google Scholar 

  163. Zahorik, John A., “Teacher Verbal Feedback”,Classroom Interaction Newsletter, 4, 1969, No. 2.

  164. Zahorik, John A.,Teacher Verbal Feedback and Content Development. Washington, D.C.: AERA, 1970.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand

    Raymond S. Adams

Authors
  1. Raymond S. Adams
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Adams, R.S. Observational studies of teacher role. Int Rev Educ 18, 440–459 (1972). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01450307

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01450307

Keywords

Search

Navigation