Skip to main content
Log in

An investigation of interior ballistics ignition phase

  • Published:
Shock Waves Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

An axisymmetric viscous two-phase model is presented which describes the transient combustion of granular propellants during the ignition phase of a ballistic charge. Details of the model are presented along with computational results for a low-pressure ballistic simulator. Predicted pressure time evolutions are compared with experimental data of a real test-firing in which an unexpected pressure excursion occurred. Gun propellant breakup effects, due to bed compaction, are taken into consideration to explain the discrepancies between the numerical and experimental results. Finally, a discussion is presented of the mechanisms by which the behavior of pressure waves can be strongly influenced and thus controlled by the manner in which the propelling charge is ignited.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Andersson KEB (1961) Pressure drop for ideal fluidization. Chem Eng Sciences 15

  • Baer MR, Gross RJ, Nunziato JW, Igel EA (1986) An experimental and theoretical study of deflagration-to-detonation transition (DDT) in the granular explosive, CP. Combustion and Flame 65:15

    Google Scholar 

  • Baer MR, Nunziato JW (1986) A two-phase mixture theory for the deflagration-to-detonation (DDT) in reactive granular materials. Int J Multiphase Flow 12:861

    Google Scholar 

  • Baer PG, Frankle JM (1962) The simulation of interior ballistics performance of guns by digital computer program. Ballistics Research Labs., Rept 1183

  • Benhaim P, Paulin JL, Zeller B (1978) Investigation on gun propellant breakup and its effects in interior ballistics. In: Proceedings of the 14h Int Symposium on Ballistics, Monterey, CA.

  • Bicen AF, Khezzar L, Whitelaw JH (1988) Subsonic single-phase flow in a gun simulator. AIAA J 25:47

    Google Scholar 

  • Chen DY, Yang V, Kuo KK (1981) Boundary condition specification for mobile granular propellant bed combustion processes. AIAA J 19:1429

    Google Scholar 

  • Ergun S (1952) Fluid flow through packed columns. Chem Eng Progress 48

  • Etablissements Techniques de Bourges (1986) Modélisation de l'Allumage en Configuration 105 OFL sur Simulateur d'Allumage, Etudes Diverses de Balistique Intérieure. PV 166, Essai 607 A, Etablissements Techniques de Bourges, Bourges

    Google Scholar 

  • Fisher EB (1979) Investigation of breechblows phenomenology. Ballistics Research Labs., Final Rept DAAK11-78-C-0090, CALSPAN Corp.

  • Fisher ES, Trippe AP (1973) Development of a basis for acceptance of continuously produced propellant. CALSPAN Rept VQ-5163-D-1

  • Gelperin NI, Einstein VG (1971) Heat transfer in fliudized. In: Davidson JF, Harrison D (eds) Fluidization. Academic Press

  • Gibeling HJ, MacDonald H, Banks NE (1983) An implicit numerical analysis for two-dimensional, two-phase turbulent interior ballistic flows. AIAA Paper 83-0561

  • Gough PS, Zwarts FJ (1979) Modeling heterogeneous two-phase reacting flow. AIAA J 17:17

    Google Scholar 

  • Gough PS (1980) The NOVA code: a user's manual. Vol. I. Description and use. IHCR 80-8, Naval Ordnance Station, Indian Head, MD

    Google Scholar 

  • Gough PS (1990) The XNOVAKTC code. US Army Ballistic Research Laboratory Contractor Report, BRL-CR-627

  • Gütlin E, Heiser R, Hensel D, Zimmermann G (1987) Numerical and experimental investigation of the ignition process of a 105-mm tank gun round. In: Proceedings of the 10th Int symposium of ballistics, San Diego, CA.

  • Heiser R, Hensel D (1986) AMI: a general gasdynamic model of internal ballistics of guns. Fraunhofer-Institut für Kurzzeitdynamik (EMI), Weile am Rhein, Germany, Rept E 7/86

    Google Scholar 

  • Heiser R, Hensel D (1988) Numerical optimization of the ignitor for large caliber weapons. In: Proceedings of the 4th Int gun propellant and propulsion symposium. Dover, NJ

    Google Scholar 

  • Heiser R, Meineke E (1991) Multidimensional interior ballistic two-phase flow and the chambrage problem. Journal of Propulsion and Power 7:909

    Google Scholar 

  • Heiser R, Garloff J (1992) Study on turbulence in interior ballistics flows. Journal of Propulsion and Power 8:59

    Google Scholar 

  • Horst AW (1973) Navy gun interior ballistics modeling efforts: an overview. JANAF Propulsion Meeting, CPIA, Laurel, Md., Publ. 242

    Google Scholar 

  • Horst AW, Minor TC (1978) Ignition-induced flow dynamics in bagged-charge artillery. In: Proceedings of the 4th international symposium on ballistics. Monterey, CA

  • Horst AW, May IW, Clarke EV Jr. (1978) The missing link between pressure waves and breechblows. Ballistics Research Labs., Rept BRL-MR 2849

  • Koo JH (1975) Theoretical modeling and numerical solution of transient combustion processes in mobil granular propellant beds. M.S. Thesis, Mech Eng Dept, University Park, PA

    Google Scholar 

  • Krier H, Rajan S, Van Tassel WF (1976) Flame spreading and combustion in packed beds of propellant grains. AIAA J 14:301

    Google Scholar 

  • Krier H, Gokhale SS (1976) Predictions of vigorous ignition dynamics for a packed bed of solid propellant grains. Int J of Heat and Mass Transfer 19:915

    Google Scholar 

  • Krier H, Gokhale SS (1978) Modeling of convective mode combustion through granulated propellant to predict detonation transition. AIAA J 16:177

    Google Scholar 

  • Kuo KK, Vichnevetsky R, Summerfield M (1973) Theory of flame front propagation in porous propellant charges under confinement. AIAA J 11:444

    Google Scholar 

  • Kuo KK, Koo JH, Davis TR, Coates CR (1976) Transient combustion in mobile gas-permeable propellants. Acta Astronautica 3:573

    Google Scholar 

  • Kuo KK (1986) Principles of combustion. John Wiley and Sons

  • MacCormack RW (1969) The effect of viscosity in hypervelocity impact cratering. AIAA Paper 69–354, Cincinnati, OH

  • May IW, Horst AW (1979) Interior ballistics of guns. In: Krier H, Summerfield M (ed) Progress in astronautics and aeronautics, Vol 66. AIAA, New-York, pp 197–227

    Google Scholar 

  • Nuret JP, Reynaud JP (1992) Experimental characterization of ballistic consequences of mechanical solicitations on gun propellant grains. In: Proceedings of the 13th Int symposium on ballistics, Stockholm, Sweden.

  • Olenick PJ (1975) Investigation of the 76-mm/62 caliber Mark 75 Gun Mount Malfunction. Naval Surface Weapons Center, Dahlgren, Va., TR3144

    Google Scholar 

  • Pfersmann (1987) Workshop on “Comparison between Multidimensional, Multiphase Models of Interior Ballistics.” Institut Franco-Allemand de Saint-Louis

  • Porterie B (1988) Modélisation de la Phase d'Allumage d'une Charge Propulsive en Balistique Intérieure. Thèse d'Etat, Marseille

  • Porterie B, Loraud JC, Larini M, Saurel R (1991) Gun propellant breakup effects on transient combustion processes. In: Takayama K (ed) Proceedings of the 18th Int symposium on shock waves, Sendai, Japan. Springer-Verlag

    Google Scholar 

  • Porterie B, Loraud JC, Saurel R, Larini M (1992) A total non-equilibrium two-phase model for the ignition of ballistic charges. Proceedings of the 4th Int conference on fluid mechanics, Alexandrie.

  • Powers JM, Stewart DS, Krier H, Igel EA (1988) Progress in astronautics and aeronautics. AIAA New York 114:341

    Google Scholar 

  • Powers JM, Stewart DS, Krier H (1990a) Theory of two-phase detonation. Part I: modeling. Combustion and Flame 80:264

    Google Scholar 

  • Powers JM, Stewart DS, Krier H (1990b) Theory of two-phase detonation. Part II: structure. Combustion and Flame 80:280

    Google Scholar 

  • Saurel R, Larini M, Loraud JC (1992a) Ignition and growth of a detonation by a high energy plasma. Shock Waves 2:19

    Google Scholar 

  • Saurel R, Larini M, Loraud JC (1992b) Numerical modelling of deflagration detonation transition produced by laser impact on granular explosive. Computational Fluid Dynamics J 1:155

    Google Scholar 

  • Spalding DB (1981) Numerical computation of two-phase flow in gun barrels. Presented at the US Army Workshop on Multiphase Flow, Ballistics Research Labs.

  • Steffens (1987) Workshop on “Comparison between Multidimensional, Multiphase models of Interior Ballistics.” Institut Franco-Allemand de Saint-Louis

  • Sugot G (1928) Balistique Intérieure Théorique et Tables Numériques. Gauthier-Villars, Paris

    Google Scholar 

  • Van Tassel WF, Krier H (1975) Combustion and flame spreading phenomena in gas-permeable explosive materials. Int J of Heat and Mass Transfer 18:1377

    Google Scholar 

  • Warming RF, Beam RM (1976) Upwind second-order difference schemes and applications in aerodynamic flows. AIAA J 4

  • Weinmann C (1980) Etude de la sensibilité des poudres propulsives au phénomène de rupture fragile. In: Proceedings of the 5th Int symposium on ballistics, Toulouse, France.

  • Yanhuang Z, Jianguo W, Ming S (1992) Examination of a breechblow catastrophe in a 122-mm cannon gun with whole charge. In: Proceedings of the 13th Int symposium on ballistics, Stockholm, Sweden.

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Additional information

This article was processed using Springer-Verlag TEX Shock Waves macro package 1.0 and the AMS fonts, developed by the American Mathematical Society.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Porterie, B., Loraud, J.C. An investigation of interior ballistics ignition phase. Shock Waves 4, 81–93 (1994). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01418571

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01418571

Key words

Navigation