Abstract
Spring back of the end surfaces of the billet and the elastic deflection of the dies in the process of hollow cylinder upsetting between elastic platens is investigated using a thermo-elastic-plastic coupling model. The finite-element method and the finite-difference method are adopted to simulate the forming process, and the unloading process is performed on the elements of the workpiece in response to the spring back phenomenon accounted for in this study. Therefore, the effect of die elasticity on the variation of the inner surface profile of the hollow cylinder, predictions of forging load, and the distributions of temperature and strain components may be examined. The surface asperity of the billet and the forging load obtained by simulation agree quite well with the results of the upsetting experiment.
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Lin, S.Y. Spring back phenomenon exhibited in the process of hollow cylinder upsetting. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 14, 466–473 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01351392
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01351392