Abstract
Visual symptoms of malnutrition associated with the unsatisfactory development of natural and planted black spruce seedlings in a 20-year-old burn suggested low supply and uptake of nitrogen, phosphorus, and possibly other nutrients as the primarily adverse factors.
In order to test the hypothesis, both soil and foliage of the species there and in another climatic region were compared and the diagnosis partly confirmed. Of the elements studied (K, Mg, Ca, P, Mn, Fe, and N) only nitrogen was found to be related to needle colour and poor leader growth.
A lichen crustLecidea granulosa rich in nutrients, especially nitrogen, dominates the sites. The crust decomposes very slowly and retains large proportions of available nutrients in its tissues. Incorporation of the crust in the mineral soil is suggested as a means of accelerating nutrient cycling and promoting development of future plantations.
Sommaire
Nous basant sur certains symptômes de déficiences minérales, nous avons émis l'hypothèse que la faible croissance des jeunes épinettes noires et de celles plantées dans le brûlis de 1941 de la rivière York, était surtout attribuable à la carence de l'azote et du phosphore et peut-être aussi à d'autres éléments dans le sol et les tissus. L'hypothèse a été vérifiée et partiellement confirmée. De tous les éléments étudiés (K, Mg, Ca, P, Mn, Fe et N), seul l'azote est relié à la couleur des aiguilles et à la croissance de la flèche terminale. Cette relation cependant est beaucoup plus marquée lorsque la couleur est estimée à l'aide de comparaison avec des semis recueillis sur la place même de l'étude plutôt qu'avec le guide des couleurs de Munsell.
Les résultats de cette étude ont été comparés avec d'autres déjà obtenus avec l'épinette noire, ayant le même âge et croissant dans un sol de même texture mais dans des régions climatiques différentes. Même si le contenu minimum en azote d'un sol est susceptible de varier d'une région climatique à l'autre, il semblerait que la disponibilité de l'azote dans le brûlis de la rivière York est nettement insuffisante pour espérer le développement normal d'une plantation d'épinettes noires.
A la suite de travaux préliminaires faits en serre, nous avons constaté que le lichenLecidea granulosa, riche en azote et qui recouvre en partie l'aire étudiée, favorisait la croissance des jeunes épinettes quand il était broyé et incorporé au sol minéral. On suggère donc, comme moyen d'amélioration du sol en vue de futures plantations, de broyer sur place ce lichen et de l'incorporer au sol.
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Gagnon, J.D. Nitrogen deficiency in the york river burn, gaspé, Quebec. Plant Soil 23, 49–59 (1965). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01349118
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01349118