Abstract
The use of biochar has been widely recommended to improve crop productivity, carbon (C) sequestration, and soil quality in a variety of agro-ecosystems. However, the impacts of biochar and chemical fertilizers on soil organic carbon (SOC) fractions in fodder production systems are inadequately investigated. We evaluated the effects of combining reduced recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF) with invasive weeds biochar as soil amendment on SOC fractions, oat (Avena sativa L.) yield and carbon management index (CMI). To compare the effects of biochar on SOC fractions, fodder production, and CMI, ten treatments (Control, 100% RDF, 75% RDF, and three dosages (2.5, 5.0, and 10 tha-1) of Parthenium hysterophorus L. biochar (PB) and Lantana camara L. biochar (LB), and 10 tha-1 PB/LB alone) were used. Application of biochar 10 tha-1 with 75% RDF significantly improved TOC (~ 34–44%), WBOC (~ 21–23%), POC (~ 40–44%), SMBC (~ 4.89–4.98%) and mean SI (~ 40–54%), CMI (~ 17–28%), and ultimately C build up (~ 43–56%) as compared to RDF, whereas HWSC and KMnO4-C were significantly higher in LB and PB at 5 tha-1 with 75% RDF, respectively. Green and dry fodder yields of oat were also remarkably improved with biochar application, but at par with RDF. The application of PB and LB as soil amendment with 75% RDF provides novel avenues for C sequestration, counteracting climate change, and improving soil quality via increasing TOC and its fractions, resulting in higher productivity. At the same time, it also provides an economical feasible approach to invasive weed control.
Highlights
Lantana biochar is marginally better than Parthenium biochar in improving crop yield and soil organic carbon fractions.
The conjunctive use of 75% RDF and 2.5–10 tha-1 biochar enhances oat biomass yield and the carbon management index of the soil.
Application of biochar at 2.5 tha-1 saves ~ 25% fertilizer requirement of oat.
Preparing biochar would be an economical feasible approach to invasive weed control.
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Data Availability
The datasets and materials will be made available from the corresponding author(s) upon reasonable request.
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We would like to thank the Director of the ICAR-Indian Grassland and Fodder Research Institute in Jhansi for providing the required facilities and guidance for performing this experiment. We also recognize the support delivered by the laboratory staff in the analytical work.
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All authors contributed to the study’s conception and design. MP, PC, MC, SKM, and AK performed conceptualization, experiment execution, lab analysis, research, technique, and writing first draft. Srinivasan R. and Anup Kumar wrote, reviewed, and edited the manuscript. Sunil Kumar and Dana Ram Palsaniya provided feedback on the first draft of the work. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
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Prasad, M., Choudhary, P., Choudhary, M. et al. Application of Invasive Weed Biochar as Soil Amendment Improves Soil Organic Carbon Fractions and Yield of Fodder Oat in a Semi-Arid Region. J Soil Sci Plant Nutr (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42729-024-01762-5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s42729-024-01762-5