Abstract
The antiulcer activity in pasteurized/homogenized bovine milk and a lipid extract of this milk was tested in an attempt to isolate and identify the active component. Using 0.6 N HCl as a damaging agent in pylorus-ligated rats, the protective property of milk appeared to be related to its phospholipid content and not its protein constituents. With intact (non-pylorus-ligated) rats, milk had demonstrable protective activity against 0.6 N HCl, as well as 100% ethanol and 160 mM taurocholic acid. The increasing phospholipid concentrations in skim, whole, and buttermilk paralleled their antiulcer efficacy. A lipid extract of whole milk showed significant protection against 0.6 N HCl when given alone or following indomethacin treatment. Measurements of the contact angle (hydrophobicity) of the gastric surface showed that it was maintained near control levels in the presence of 0.6 N HCl, if rats were first pretreated with milk. These results are consistent with the possibility that surface-active lipids in dairy milk, such as phospholipids, may account for a significant protion of milk's antiulcer activity by maintaining the hydrophobicity of the luminal surface of the gastric mucosa in the presence of a damaging agent.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Dial EJ, Lichtenberger LM: A role for phospholipids in protection against gastric acid. Studies in adult and suckling rats. Gastroenterology 87:379–385, 1984
Materia A, Joffee BM, Money SR, Rossi P, DeMarco M, Basso N: Prostaglandins in commercial milk preparations. Their effect in the prevention of stress-induced gastric ulcer. Arch Surg 119:290–292, 1984
Hills BA, Butler BD, Lichtenberger LM: Gastric mucosal barrier: the hydrophobic lining to the lumen of the stomach. Am J Physiol (Gastrointest Liver Physiol) 244:G561-G568, 1983
Vahouny GV, Tombes R, Cassidy MM, Kritchevsky D, Gallo LL: Dietary fibers VI: Binding of fatty acids and monolein from mixed micelle containing bile salts and lecithin. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 166:12–16, 1981
Robert A, Nezamis JE, Lancaster C, Hanchar AJ: Cytoprotection by prostaglandins in rats: Prevention of gastric necrosis produced by alcohol. HCl, NaOH, hypertonic NaCl, and thermal injury. Gastroenterology 77:433–443, 1979
Folch J, Lees M, Stanley GHS: A simple method for the isolation and purification of total lipids from animal tissues. J Biol Chem 226:497–509, 1957
Rouser G, Fleischer S, Yamamoto A: Two dimensional thin layer chromatographic separation of polar lipids and determination of phospholipids by phosphorus analysis of spots. Lipids 5:494–496, 1970
Mason RJ, Nellenbogen J, Clement JA: Isolation of disaturated phosphatidylcholine with osmium tetroxide. J Lipid Res 17:281–284, 1975
Lowry OH, Rosebrough NJ, Farr AL, Randall RJ: Protein measurement with the Folin-phenol reagent. J Biol Chem 193:265–275, 1951
Lichtenberger LM, Graziani LA, Dial EJ, Butler BD, Hills BA: Role of surface-active phospholipids in gastric cytoprotection. Science 219:1327–1329, 1983
Chadhury TK, Robert A: Prevention by mild irritants of gastric necrosis produced in rats by sodium taurocholate. Dig Dis Sci 25:830–836, 1980
Robert A, Nezamis JE, Lancaster C, Davis JP, Field SO, Hanchar AJ: Mild irritants prevent gastric necrosis through “adaptive cytoprotection” mediated by prostaglandins. Am J Physiol 245:G113-G121, 1983
Debas HT, Walsh JH, Grossman MI: Release of antral gastrin by large polypeptides. Clin Res 22:171A, 1974 (abstract)
Dial EJ, Lichtenberger LM: Development of gastric mucosal protection against acid in the rat. Role of corticosteroids and prostaglandins. Gastroenterology 91:318–325, 1986
Renner E: Milk and Dairy Products in Human Nutrition. Munchen, W-GmbH, Volkswirtscaftlicher Verlag, 1983
Sippy BW: Gastric and duodenal ulcer. JAMA 64:1625–1630, 1915
Sandweiss DJ: The Sippy treatment for peptic ulcer—fifty years later. Am J Dig Dis 6:929–937, 1961
Spiro HM: Is milk all that bad for the ulcer patient? J Clin Gastroenterol 3:219–220, 1981
Paffenbarger RS, Wing AL, Hyde RT: Chronic disease in former college students XIII. Early precursors of peptic ulcer. Am J Epidemiol 100:307–315, 1974
Watson LC, Abston S: Prevention of upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage in 582 burned children. Am J Surg 132:790–793, 1976
McDonald CA, Goulston KJ: Effect of paracetamol and milk on aspirin-induced gastric erosions in man. Aust NZ J Med 13:439, 1983
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
This work was funded by the National Dairy Board and administered in cooperation with the National Dairy Council.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Dial, E.J., Lichtenberger, L.M. Milk protection against experimental ulcerogenesis in rats. Digest Dis Sci 32, 1145–1150 (1987). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01300202
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01300202