Summary
Pinealectomized, sham-operated and non operated control rats were injected intracerebroventricularly (i.c.v.) with a single dose of desmethylimipramine hydrochloride (DMI; 20μg, dissolved in 10μl of normal saline); after 4 hours they were decapitated and the hypothalamic and neurohypophysial oxytocin content was bioassayed using the milk-ejection effectin vitro.
DMI decreased oxytocin content of the hypothalamus and neurointermediate lobe in non operated and sham-operated animals. In pinealectomized rats the oxytocin content of the hypothalamus and neurointermediate lobe diminished and could be further reduced by an i.c.v. DMI injection. As shown in animals pretreated with phenoxybenzamine, these events might be only partially related to an increase of alpha-adrenergic transmission.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Anton-Tay, F., Wurtman, F. J.: Regional uptake of3H-melatonin from blood or cerebrospinal fluid by rat brain. Nature221, 474–475 (1969).
Bridges, T. E., Hillhouse, E. W., Jones, M. T.: The effect of dopamine on neurohypophysial hormone releasein vivo and from the rat neural lobe and hypothalamusin vitro. J. Physiol. (Lond.)260, 647–666 (1976).
Byck, R.: Drugs and the treatment of psychiatric disorders. In: The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics (Goodman, L. S., Gilman, A., eds.), pp. 152–200. New York: MacMillan. 1975.
Chazov, M. A., Veselova, S. P., Krivosheev, O. G., Isachenkov, V. A.: Interrelationship between the pineal gland and the hypothalamo-hypophysial complex. Report 1: The effect of pinealectomy, blinding and continuous illumination on the3H-leucine incorporation into the nuclei of the anterior, middle and the posterior hypothalamus of the prepubertal and mature rats (in Russian). Probl. Endokrinol.22, 33–39 (1976).
Diem, K., Lentner, C. (eds.): Wissenschaftliche Tabellen. Basel: Ciba-Geigy AG. 1971.
van Dongen, C. G., Hays, R. L.: A sensitivein vitro assay for oxytocin. Endocrinology78, 1–6 (1966).
Friedman, E., Yocca, F. D., Cooper, T. B.: Antidepressant drugs with varying pharmacological profiles alter rat pineal beta adrenergic-mediated function. J. Pharmacol, exp. Therap.228, 545–550 (1984).
Fuller, R. W., Perry, K. W.: Increase of pineal noradrenaline concentration in rats by desipramine but not fluoxetine: implications concerning the specificity of these uptake inhibitor. J. Pharm. Pharmacol.29, 710–711 (1977).
Fuxe, K., Ögren, S.-O., Everitt, B. J., Agnati, L. F., Eneroth, P., Gustafsson, J.-A., Jonsson, G., Skett, P., Holm, A. C.: The effect of antidepressant drugs of the imipramine type on various monoamine systems and their relation to changes in behaviour and neuroendocrine function. In: Depressive disorders (Garattini, S., ed.), pp. 67–94. Stuttgart-New York: Schattauer. 1977.
Guzek, J. W., Janus, J.: The hypothalamic and neurohypophysial vasopressor and oxytocic activities as influenced by beta-adrenergic blockade during long-term dehydration in the white male rat. Endokrinologie (Leipzig)75, 57–66 (1980).
Guzek, J. W., Janus, J., Ciosek, J.: The release of neurohypophysial hormones as influenced by stimulation of alpha-adrenergic transmission in long-term dehydrated male white rats. Information 2: Hypothalamic and neurohypophysial oxytocic activity. Acta physiol. pol.32, 137–144 (1981).
Guzek, J. W., Świderska, Z., Motylewska, A.: The adrenergic influences on the hypothalamic and neurohypophysial oxytocic activity in long-term dehydrated male white rats. Acta physiol. pol.29, 221–229 (1978).
Heydorn, W. E., Brunsvick, D. J., Frazer, A.: Effect of treatment of rats with antidepressants on melatonin concentrations in the pineal gland and serum. J. Pharmacol. exp. Therap.222, 534–543 (1982).
Heydorn, W. E., Mendels, J., Frazer, A.: Effects of darkness and of desmethyl-imipramine on pineal gland concentrations of adenosine 3′, 5′-monophosphate. Biochem. Pharmacol.29, 1341–1346 (1980).
Jakubowska-Naziemblo, B., Orlowska-Majdak, M.: The hypothalamic and pituitary oxytocin content in the rat estimated with Holton's method and with van Dongen and Hays' method (in Polish). Endokrynol. pol.25, 217–223 (1974).
Juszczak, M., Guzek, J. W.: The content of vasopressin and oxytocin in the hypothalamus and neurohypophysis of pinealectomized male rats. Acta physiol. pol.34, 41–46 (1983).
Kovács, G. L., Telegdy, Gy.: Indolamines and behaviour. In: Results in neuroendocrinology, neurochemistry and sleep research. Recent developments of neurobiology in Hungary, Vol. VII (Lissák, K., ed.), pp. 31–97. Budapest: Akademiai Kiadó. 1978.
Kruskal, W. H., Wallis, W. A.: Use of ranks in one-criterion variance analysis. J. Amer. Statist. Assoc.47, 583–621 (1952).
Kuszak, J., Rodin, M.: A new technique of pinealectomy for adult rats. Experientia (Basel)33, 283–284 (1977).
Moyer, J. A., Greenberg, L. H., Frazer, A., Brunsvick, D. J., Mendels, J., Weiss, B.: Opposite effect of acute and repeated administration of desmethylimipramine on adrenergic responsiveness in rat pineal gland. Life Sci.24, 2237–2244 (1979).
Noble, E. P., Wurtman, R. J., Axelrod, J.: A simple and rapid method for injecting H3-norepinephrine into the lateral ventricle of the rat brain. Life Sci.6, 281–291 (1967).
Parfitt, A., Klein, D. C.: Increase caused by desmethylimipramine in the production of3H-melatonin by isolated pineal gland. Biochem. Pharmacol.26, 904–905 (1977).
Reiter, R. J.: Comparative physiology: pineal gland. Ann. Rev. Physiol.35, 305–328 (1973).
Reiter, R. J., Vaughan, M. K., Blask, D. E.: Possible role of the cerebrospinal fluid in the transport of pineal hormones in mammals. In: Brain-endocrine interaction II. The ventricular system in neuroendocrine mechanisms. Proceedings of the Second International Symposium on Brain-Endocrine Interaction, Shizuoka, 1974 (Knigge, K. M., Scott, D. E., Kobayashi, H., eds.), pp. 337–354. Basel-München-Paris-London-New York-Sydney: Karger. 1975.
Stürmer, E.: Bioassay procedures for neurohypophysial hormones and similar polypeptides. In: Neurohypophysial Hormones and Similar Polypeptides (Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology Vol. XXIII) (Berde, B., ed.), pp. 130–189. Berlin-Heidelberg-New York: Springer. 1968.
Szczepańska-Szyburska, I., Guzek, J. W., Kmieć, K.: The hypothalamic and neurohypophysial vasopressin content in pinealectomized male rats. In: Neuropeptides and Neural Transmission (IBRO Monograph Series, Vol.7) (Marsan, C. A., Traczyk, W. Z., eds.), pp. 359–363. New York: Raven Press. 1980.
Trentini, G. P., Mess, B., de Gaetani, C. F., Ruzsás, C.: Pineal-brain relationship. In: The Pineal Gland of Vertebrates Including Man (Progress in Brain Res., Vol.52) (Kappers, J. A., Pévet, P., eds.), pp. 341–366. Amsterdam-New York: Elsevier/North-Holland. Biomedical Press. 1979.
Vollrath, L.: The Pineal Organ. Berlin-Heidelberg-New York: Springer. 1981.
de Vries, R. A. C.: Influence of pinealectomy on hypothalamic magnocellular neurosecretory activity in the female rat during normal light conditions, light-induced persistent oestrus, and after gonadectomy. Neuroendocrinology9, 244–249 (1972).
de Vries, R. A. C., Ariëns-Kappers, J.: Influence of the pineal gland on the neurosecretory activity of the supraoptic hypothalamic nucleus in the male rat. Neuroendocrinology8, 359–366 (1971).
Wieslawska, M.: The cholinergic influences on the oxytocin activity of the hypothalamus and neurohypophysis in long-term dehydrated male rats. Acta physiol. pol.29, 17–25 (1978).
Wirz-Justice, A., Arendt, J., Marston, A.: Antidepressant drugs elevate rat pineal and plasma melatonin. Experientia (Basel)36, 442–444 (1980).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
Conducted under contract No 10.4.04.9 with the Polish Academy of Sciences.- Submitted for poster presentation at the XXIX. Congress of the International Union of Physiological Sciences, Sydney, 28. August–3. September 1983 (abstract number 287.16). - A preliminary report, covering a part of the present findings, was published in Acta Physiologica Polonica34, 41–46 (1983).
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Guzek, J.W., Juszczak, M. The hypothalamic and neurohypophysial oxytocin content as influenced by desmethylimipramine in normal and pinealectomized white male rats. J. Neural Transmission 62, 125–136 (1985). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01260422
Received:
Revised:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01260422