Skip to main content
Log in

Using computers to explore ecological issues: A simple limits-to-growth educational program

  • Published:
Population and Environment Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Educational-level software allows students to interactively conduct their own research on Earth's ecology by using a much-simplified version of the Forrester computer model on which the landmark 1972 limits-to-growth studies were based. Default values of all variables (including the Earth's population, food supply, natural resources, industrialization, and pollution), and simple difference equations relating them, are provided so that the program can be immediately run by novice users. Both variable values and equations can be easily altered to observe the consequences of users' assumptions or proposed policies.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Brown, H. (1954).The challenge of man's future. New York: Viking Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brown, L. R. (1972). Computer printout on the Earth's ecosystem: I. Global doom.Saturday Review April 22, pp. 65–68.

  • Cousteau, J. (1986).Haiti. Atlanta: Cousteau Society and TBS Productions.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dickens, C. (1843).A Christmas carol.

  • Ehrlich, P. & Ehrlich A. (1970).Population, resources, environment. San Francisco: W. H. Freeman.

    Google Scholar 

  • Forrester, J. W. (1970).World dynamics. Cambridge, Mass: Wright-Allen Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Heilbroner, R. L. (1972).The worldly philosophers: The lives, times and ideas of the great economic thinkers. Fourth edition. New York: Simon and Schuster.

    Google Scholar 

  • Malthus, T. R. [1798] (1959).An essay on the principle of population. In R. Bierstedt (Ed.).The making of society. New York: Random House.

    Google Scholar 

  • Meadows, D. H., Meadows, D. L., Randers, J. & Behrens III, W. W. (1972).The limits to growth. New York: Signet.

    Google Scholar 

  • Muir, D. E. (forthcoming). Spaceship Earth: An educational-level limits-to-growth computer simulation.Social Science Computer Review.

  • Ricardo, D. [1817] (1965).The principles of political economy and taxation. New York: E. P. Dutton.

    Google Scholar 

  • Smith, A. [1776] (1937).Inquiry into the nature and causes of the wealth of nations. New York: Modern Library.

    Google Scholar 

  • Thoreau, H. D. (1893).Walden or life in the woods. New York: Houghton Mifflin.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Additional information

In keeping with its educational objectives, SPACESHIP EARTH has been placed in the public domain and an IBM PC-compatible version can be obtained without charge by sending a formatted diskette (3.5 or 5.25 inch) to the author.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Muir, D.E. Using computers to explore ecological issues: A simple limits-to-growth educational program. Popul Environ 13, 113–117 (1991). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01255513

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01255513

Keywords

Navigation