Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Adding physiological realism to dynamic state variable models of parasitoid host feeding

  • Published:
Evolutionary Ecology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Summary

The behavioural decisions of insect parasitoids have been the subject of dynamic state variable models, which explicitly incorporate the physiological state of the parasitoid, e.g. her age and ‘egg load’ (number of mature eggs). Such models have been most recently applied to parasitoid ‘host feeding’, the consumption of host body fluids or tissues by the adult female wasp. The models developed to date, and recent empirical work withAphytis melinus, have highlighted the importance of the physiology associated with host feeding to the behavioural decision whether to host feed or oviposit. Below, I develop a new dynamic state variable model which incorporates the physiological features associated with host feeding inAphytis. My intention is to make qualitative predictions about the effects of various physiological featues on host-feeding behaviour and to make quantitative predictions about the relationship between egg load and host feeding inAphytis.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Bai, B. and Smith, S.M. (1993) Effect of host availability on reproduction and survival of the parasitoidTrichogramma minutum.Ecol. Entomol. 18, 279–86.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bartlett, B.R. (1964) Patterns in the host feeding habit of adult parasite Hymenoptera.Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am. 57, 344–50.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chan, M.S. (1991) Host-feeding in parasitic wasps: a study of population patterns generated by individual behavior. Unpublished PhD thesis, University of London, London, UK.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chan, M.S. and Godfray, H.C.J. (1993) Host-feeding strategies in parasitoid wasps.Evol. Ecol. 7, 593–604.

    Google Scholar 

  • Clark, C.W. (1987) The lazy, adaptable lions: a Markovian model of group foraging.Anim. Behav. 35, 361–8.

    Google Scholar 

  • Clark, C.W. (1992) Dynamic models of behavior: an extension of life history theory.Trends Ecol. Evol. 8, 205–9.

    Google Scholar 

  • Clark, C.W. and Ydenburg, R.C. (1990a) The risks of parenthood. I. General theory and applications.Evol. Ecol. 4, 21–34.

    Google Scholar 

  • Clark, C.W. and Ydenburg, R.C. (1990b) The risks of parenthood. II. Parent—offspring conflict.Evol. Ecol. 4, 312–25.

    Google Scholar 

  • Collier, T.R., Murdoch, W.W. and Nisbet, R.M. (1994) Egg load and the decision to host-feed in the parasitoid,Aphytis melinus.J. Anim. Ecol. 63, 299–306.

    Google Scholar 

  • Collier, T.R. (1995) Host feeding, egg maturation, resorption and longevity in the parasitoid,Aphytis melinus (Hymenoptera; Aphelinidae).Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am. (in press).

  • Flanders, S.E. (1935) An apparent correlation between the feeding habits of certain pteromalids and the condition of their ovarian follicles.Annals Entomol. Soc. Am. 28, 438–44.

    Google Scholar 

  • Flanders, S.E. (1942) Oosorption and ovulation in relation to oviposition in the parasitic hymenoptera.Annals Entomol. Soc. Am. 35, 251–6.

    Google Scholar 

  • Friedman, S. (1985) Intermediary metabolism. InFundamentals of insect physiology (M.S. Blum, ed.), pp. 467–506. John Wiley and Sons, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Houston, A., Clark, C., McNamara J. and Mangel, M. (1988) Dynamic models in behavioural and evolutionary ecology.Nature 332, 29–34.

    Google Scholar 

  • Houston, A.I., McNamara, J.M. and Godfray, H.M.C. (1992) The effect of variability on host-feeding and reproductive success in parasitoids.Bull. Math. Biol. 54, 465–76.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ikawa, T. and Suzuki, Y. (1982) Ovipositional experience of the gregarious parasitoid,Apanteles glomeratus (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), influencing her discrimination of the host larvae,Pieris rapae crucivora.Appl. Entomol. Zool. 17(1, 119–26.

    Google Scholar 

  • Iwasa, Y., Suzuki, Y. and Matsuda, H. (1984) Theory of oviposition strategy of parasitoids. I. Effect of mortality and limited egg number.Theor. Pop. Biol. 26, 205–27.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jervis, M.A. and Kidd, N.A.C. (1986) Host feeding strategies in Hymenopteran parasitoids.Biol. Rev. 61, 395–434.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kelly, E.J. and Kennedy, P.L. (1993) A dynamic state variable model of mate desertion in Coopers Hawks.Ecology 74, 351–66.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kidd, N.A.C. and Jervis, M.A. (1989) The effects of host-feeding behaviour on the dynamics of parasitoid—host interactions, and the implications for biological control.Res. Pop. Ecol. 31, 235–74.

    Google Scholar 

  • Leius, K (1961a) Influence of food on fecundity and longevity of adults ofItoplectis conquisitor (Say) (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae).Can. Entomol. 93, 771–80.

    Google Scholar 

  • Leius, K. (1961b) Influence of various foods on fecundity and longevity of adults ofScambus buolianae (Htg.) (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae).Can. Entomol. 93, 1079–84.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lucas, J.R. and Walter, L.R. (1991) When should chickadees hoard food? Theory and experimental results.Anim. Behav. 41, 579–601.

    Google Scholar 

  • McNamara, J.M., Mace, R.H. and Houston, A.I. (1987) Optimal daily routines of singing and foraging in a bird singing to attract a mate.Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 20, 399–405.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mangel, M. (1987) Oviposition site selection and clutch size in insects.J. Math. Biol. 25, 1–22.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mangel, M. (1989a) An evolutionary interpretation of the ‘motivation to oviposit’.J. Evol. Biol. 2, 157–72.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mangel, M. (1989b) Evolution of host selection in parasitoids: does the state of the parasitoid matter?Am. Nat. 133, 688–705.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mangel, M. and Clark, C.W. (1986) Towards a unified foraging theory.Ecology 67, 1127–38.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mangel, M. and Clark, C.W. (1988)Dynamic Modeling in Behavioral Ecology. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mangel, M. and Ludwig, D. (1992) Definition and evaluation of the fitness of behavioral programs.Ann. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 23, 507–36.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mangel, M. and Roitberg, B.D. (1989) Dynamic information and host acceptance by a tephritid fruit fly.Ecol. Entomol. 14, 181–9.

    Google Scholar 

  • Minkenberg, O.P.J.M., Tatar, M. and Rosenheim, J.A. (1992) Egg load as a major source of variability in insect foraging and oviposition.Oikos 65, 134–42.

    Google Scholar 

  • Odendaal, F.J. and Rausher, M.D. (1990) Egg load influences search intensity, host selectivity and clutch size inBattus philenor butterflies.J. Insect Behav. 3, 183–93.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pianka, E.R. (1978)Evolutionary Ecology. Harper and Row, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pilson, D. and Rausher, M.D. (1988) Clutch size adjustment by a swallowtail butterfly.Nature 333, 361–3.

    Google Scholar 

  • Price, K. (1992) Territorial bequeathal by red squirrel mothers: a dynamic model.Bull. Math. Biol. 54, 335–54.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pyke, G.H. (1984) Optimal foraging theory: a critical review.Ann. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 15, 523–75.

    Google Scholar 

  • Roitberg, B.D. and Friend, W.G. (1992) A general theory for host seeking in mosquitoes.Bull. Math. Biol. 54, 401–12.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Roitberg, B.D., Mangel, M., Lalonde, R.G., Roitberg, C.A., van Alphen, J.J.M. and Vet, L. (1992) Seasonal dynamic shifts in patch exploitation by parasitic wasps.Behav. Ecol. 3, 156–65.

    Google Scholar 

  • Roitberg, B.D., Sircom, J., Roitberg C.A., van Alphen, J.J.M. and Mangel, M. (1993). Life expectancy and reproduction.Nature 364, 108.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rosenheim, J.A. and Rosen, D. (1991) Foraging and oviposition decisions in the parasitoidAphytis lingnanensis: distinguishing the influences of egg load and experience.J. Anim. Ecol. 60, 873–93.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sahragard, A., Jervis, M.A. and Kidd, N.A.C. (1991) Influence of host availability on rates of oviposition and host-feeding, and on longevity inDicondylus indianus Olmi (Hymenoptera: Dryinidae), a parasitoid of the Rice Brown Planthopper,Nilaparvata lugens Stal (Hemiptera; Delphacidae).J. Appl. Entomol. 112(2, 153–62.

    Google Scholar 

  • Singer, M.C. (1982) Quantification of host preference by manipulation of oviposition behavior in the butterflyEuphydryas editha.Oecologia 52, 224–9.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stearns, S.C. (1976) Life-history tactics: a review of the ideas.Q. Rev. Biol. 51, 3–47.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Stearns, S.C. (1992)The evolution of life histories. Oxford University Press, Oxford.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stephens, D.W. and Krebs, J.R. (1986)Foraging Theory. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ.

    Google Scholar 

  • van Alphen, J.J.M., van Dijken, M. and Waage, J. (1987) A functional approach to superparasitism: host discrimination needs not be learnt.Netherlands J. Zool. 37, 167–79.

    Google Scholar 

  • van Lenteren, J.C., van Vianen, A., Gast, H.F. and Kortenhoff, A. (1987) The parasite—host relationship betweenEncarsia formosa (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) andTrialeurodes vaporiorum (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae): food effects on oogenesis, oviposition, life-span and fecundity ofEncarsia formosa and other hymenopterous parasites.Z. Angew. Entomol. 103, 69–84.

    Google Scholar 

  • van Vianen, A. and van Lenteren, J.C. (1986) The parasite—host relationship betweenEncarsia formosa (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) andTrialeurodes vaporiorum (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae): oogenesis and oviposition ofEncarsia formosa.Z. Angew. Entomol. 102, 130–9.

    Google Scholar 

  • Volkl, W. and Mackauer, M. (1990) Age-specific pattern of host discrimination by the aphid parasitoidEphedrus californicus (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae).Can. Entomol. 122, 349–61.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wigglesworth, V.B. (1972)The Principles of Insect Physiology. Chapman & Hall, London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ydenburg, R.C. (1989) Growth-mortality trade-offs and the evolution of juvenile life histories in the Alcidae.Ecology 70, 1494–506.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biological Sciences, University of California, 93106, Santa Barbara, CA, USA

    Timothy R. Collier

Authors
  1. Timothy R. Collier
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Collier, T.R. Adding physiological realism to dynamic state variable models of parasitoid host feeding. Evol Ecol 9, 217–235 (1995). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01237769

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01237769

Keywords

Search

Navigation