Summary
Diabetes was induced in sand rats by increasing the dietary intake of calories. The development of diabetes was followed by progressively greater hyper-glycaemic levels in the glucose tolerance test and the appearance of cataract, glucosuria and obesity. Ketonuria was never seen. Diabetic sand rats had a slightly elevated BMR and an RQ of approximately 1. They responded to D-mannoheptulose with hyperglycaemia but not with reduced RQ.Atriplex halimus ash did not reduce the hyperglycaemic response to glucose, though it has been reported to do so in alloxanized rats. Alloxanized rats were shown to retain responsiveness to D-mannoheptulose and it is speculated that response to D-mannoheptulose may be dependent on secretion of glucagon.
Résumé
Le diabète a été provoqué chez le rat des sables par une augmentation de la prise de calories. Le développement du diabète a été marqué par l'élévation progressive des taux d'hyperglycémie dans le test de tolérance au glucose, par l'apparition de cataracte, de glycosurie et d'obésité. La cétonurie n'a jamais été constatée. Les rats des sables diabétiques ont un BMR légèrement élevé et un RQ de 1 approximativement. Ils répondent au D-mannoheptulose par une hyperglycémie, mais non par un RQ réduit. La cendre de l'AtriplexHalimus ne réduit pas l'hyperglycémie due au test de tolérance au glucose alors qu'elle la réduit chez les rats alloxanisés. Les rats alloxanisés répondent au D-mannoheptulose, il se peut que la réponse au D-mannoheptulose soit sous la dépendance d'une sécrétion de glucagon.
Zusammenfassung
Bei Sandratten wurde ein Diabetes durch erhöhte Kalorienaufnahme in der Nahrung erzielt. Der Entwicklung des Diabetes folgte eine fortschreitende Erhöhung des Blutzuckerspiegels beim Glucosetoleranztest, sowie Glykosurie, Fettsucht und Katarakt. Eine Ketonurie wurde niemals beobachtet. Die diabetischen Ratten hatten einen leichten erhöhten Grundumsatz und einen respiratorischen Quotienten von etwa 1,0. Auf D-Mannoheptulose reagierten sie mit Hyperglykämie, nicht aber mit einer Erniedrigung des respiratorischen Quotient. Die Gabe von Asche von Atriplex halimus (Staudenmelde) setzte den hyperglykämischen Glucosetoleranztest nicht herab, wie es bei alloxan-diabetischen Ratten beobachtet wurde. Alloxan-diabetische Ratten behalten ihre Reaktionsfähigkeit auf D-Mannoheptulose; es wird vermutet, daß diese Reaktionen auf D-Mannoheptulose von einer Glucagon-Sekretion abhängig ist.
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Frenkel, G., Kraicer, P.F. & Shani, J. Diabetes in the sand-rat: Diabetogenesis, responses to mannoheptulose and atriplex ash. Diabetologia 8, 313–318 (1972). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01218491
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01218491