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Effect of ionizing radiation and U. V. light on N-acetylglycine in the presence of ammonia

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Summary

Aqueous solutions of 1-14C-N-acetylglycine and ammonia were irradiated with 7.5 MeV fast electrons,60Co γ-rays, and u.v. light (low pressure mercury lamp). The products and their hydrolyzates were separated by electrophoresis, paper chromatography, and ion exchange chromatography. Among the main reactions are: decarboxylations, aminations yielding diglycine, dimerizations giving rise to diaminosuccinic acid, succinic acid, aspartic acid, β-aspartylglycine, β-alanylglycine, and the N-acetyl derivatives of these compounds. Methylations yield α-alanine, and a reductive transacetylation yields threonine. The results are briefly discussed with respect to the effect of different concentrations and the use of different qualities of radiation. The results also point to a possible pathway to the prebiotic origin of a number of biologically important micromolecules, including oligopeptides. The results indicate, however, that a prebiotic formation of polypeptides or protein-like macromolecules by the action of ionizing radiations or u.v. light upon aqueous solutions of monomers is unlikely under the conditions of this investigation.

Zusammenfassung

Wäßrige Lösungen von 1-14C-N-Acetylglycin und Ammoniak wurden mit 7,5 MeV schnellen Elektronen,60Co-γ-Strahlen und UV-Licht (Niederdruck-Hg-Brenner) bestrahlt. Die Produkte und ihre Hydrolysate wurden durch Elektrophorese, Ionen-Austauschchromatographie und Papierchromatographie getrennt. Unter den Hauptreaktionen waren: Decarboxylierungen, Aminierungen (Bildung von Diglycin) und Dimerisierungen (Bildung von Diaminobernsteinsäure, Bernsteinsäure, Asparaginsäure, β-Aspartylglycin, β-Alanylglycin und den N-Acetylderivaten dieser Verbindungen). Eine Methylierungsreaktion ergab α-Alanin, und eine reduktive Transacetylierung führte zu Threonin. Die Ergebnisse werden kurz diskutiert im Hinblick auf die Effekte verschiedener Konzentrationen und die Anwendung der verschiedenen Strahlenqualitäten. Die Ergebnisse weisen auf mögliche präbiotische Bildungsweisen einer größeren Zahl biologisch wichtiger Verbindungen, einschließlich Oligopeptide, hin. Aber die Ergebnisse zeigen zugleich, daß eine präbiotische Bildung von Polypeptiden oder protein-ähnlichen Makromolekülen aus einfachen Bausteinen bzw. Untereinheiten durch strahlenchemische und photochemische Prozesse in wäßriger Lösung unter den hier geschilderten Untersuchungsbedingungen als unwahrscheinlich angesehen werden muß.

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Dose, K., Ponnamperuma, C. Effect of ionizing radiation and U. V. light on N-acetylglycine in the presence of ammonia. Biophysik 7, 311–321 (1971). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01190243

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