Summary
A variational principle for lower bounds on the time-averaged mass flux in an incompressible channel flow with uniform wall injection and suction is derived from the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations. With appropriate test background flow fields, the explicit estimates for the friction coefficient are produced and discussed.
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Wei, Q. Variational bounds on energy dissipation in an incompressible channel flow with uniform injection and suction. Acta Mechanica 159, 1–9 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01171443
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01171443