Abstract
We are concerned with the Cahn–Hilliard/Navier–Stokes equations for the stationary compressible flows in a three-dimensional bounded domain. The governing equations consist of the stationary Navier–Stokes equations describing the compressible fluid flows and the stationary Cahn–Hilliard-type diffuse equation for the mass concentration difference. We prove the existence of weak solutions when the adiabatic exponent \(\gamma \) satisfies \(\gamma >\frac{4}{3}\). The proof is based on the weighted total energy estimates and the new techniques developed to overcome the difficulties from the capillary stress.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Abels, H., Feireisl, E.: On a diffuse interface model for a two-phase flow of compressible viscous fluids. Indiana Univ. Math. J. 57(2), 659–698 (2008)
Adams, R.: Sobolev spaces. Academic Press, New York (1975)
Anderson D., McFadden G., Wheeler A.: Diffuse-interface methods in fluid mechanics, Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech., 30, Annual Reviews, Palo Alto, CA, (1998) 139-165
Antanovskii, L.: A phase field model of capillarity. Phys. Fluids A 7, 747–753 (1995)
Biswas, T., Dharmatti, S., Mahendranath, P., Mohan, M.: On the stationary nonlocal Cahn-Chilliard-Navier-Stokes system: existence, uniqueness and exponential stability. Asymptot. Anal. 125(1–2), 59–99 (2021)
Biswas, T., Dharmatti, S., Mohan, M.: Second order optimality conditions for optimal control problems governed by 2D nonlocal Cahn-Hillard-Navier-Stokes equations. Nonlinear Stud. 28(1), 29–43 (2021)
Bresch, D., Burtea, C.: Weak solutions for the stationary anisotropic and nonlocal compressible Navier-Stokes system. J. Math. Pures Appl. 146(9), 183–217 (2021)
Cahn, J., Hilliard, J.: Free energy of non-uniform system. I. Interfacial free energy. J. Chem. Phys. 28, 258–267 (1958)
Chen, S., Ji, S., Wen, H., Zhu, C.: Existence of weak solutions to steady Navier-Stokes/Allen-Cahn system. J. Differ. Equ. 269(10), 8331–8349 (2020)
Feireisl E.: Dynamics of viscous compressible fluids, Oxford University Press (2004)
Frehse, J., Steinhauer, M., Weigant, W.: The Dirichlet problem for steady viscous compressible flow in three dimensions. J. Math. Pures Appl. 97, 85–97 (2012)
Galdi, An Introduction: to the Mathematical Theory of the Navier-Stokes equations, I. Spinger- Verlag, Heidelberg, New-York (1994)
Gilbarg D., Trudinger N.: Elliptic partial differential equations of second order, 2nd edition, Grundlehren Math. Wiss., vol. 224, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, 1983
Jiang, S., Zhou, C.: Existence of weak solutions to the three-dimensional steady compressible Naiver-Stokes equations. Ann. Inst. H. Poincaré Anal. Non Linéaire 28, 485–498 (2011)
Ko, S., Pustejovska, P., Suli, E.: Finite element approximation of an incompressible chemically reacting non-Newtonian fluid. Math. Mod. Numerical Appl. 52(2), 509–541 (2018)
Ko, S., Suli, E.: Finite element approximation of steady flows of generalized Newtonian fluids with concentration-dependent power-law index. Math. Comp. 88(317), 1061–1090 (2019)
Lions P.: Mathematical topics in fluid mechanics. Vol. 2. Compressible models. Oxford Lecture Series in Mathematics and its Applications, 10. Oxford Science Publications. The Clarendon Press, Oxford University Press, New York, 1998
Liang, Z., Wang, D.: Stationary Cahn-Hilliard-Navier-Stokes equations for the diffuse interface model of compressible flows. Math. Mod. Meth. Appl. Sci. 30, 2445–2486 (2020)
Lowengrub, J., Truskinovsky, L.: Quasi-incompressible Cahn-Hilliard fluids and topological transitions. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. A 454, 2617–2654 (1998)
Mucha, P.B., Pokorný, M.: On a new approach to the issue of existence and regularity for the steady compressible Navier-Stokes equations. Nonlinearity 19, 1747–1768 (2006)
Mucha P. B., Pokorný M., Zatorska E.: Existence of stationary weak solutions for compressible heat conducting flows. Handbook of mathematical analysis in mechanics of viscous fluids, 2595-2662, Springer, Cham, 2018
Novo, S., Novotný, A.: On the existence of weak solutions to the steady compressible Navier-Stokes equations when the density is not square integrable. J. Math. Fluid Mech. 42(3), 531–550 (2002)
Novotný A., Stras̆kraba I.: Introduction to the mathematical theory of compressible flow. Oxford lecture series in mathematics and its applications, 27. Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2004
Plotnikov, P.I., Weigant, W.: Steady 3D viscous compressible flows with adiabatic exponent \(\gamma \in (1,\infty )\). J. Math. Pures Appl. 104, 58–82 (2015)
Stein, E.: Singular integrals and differentiability properties of functions. Princeton Univ. Press, Princeton, New Jersey (1970)
Ziemer, W.P.: Weakly differentiable functions. Springer, New York (1989)
Acknowledgements
The research of Z. Liang was supported by the fundamental research funds for central universities (JBK 2202045). The research of D. Wang was partially supported by the National Science Foundation under grant DMS-1907519. The authors would like to thank the anonymous referees for valuable comments and suggestions.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Communicated by Leslie Smith.
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Liang, Z., Wang, D. Weak Solutions to the Stationary Cahn–Hilliard/Navier–Stokes Equations for Compressible Fluids. J Nonlinear Sci 32, 41 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00332-022-09799-5
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00332-022-09799-5