Summary
The mineralized stock of the Hobenzan granitic complex is composed of tonalite and a continuous differentiation series of biotite-hornblende granodiorite, hornblende biotite granite and biotite granite. Texture and mineral chemistry of the Fe-Ti oxide minerals in the Hobenzan granitic complex exhibit two different processes of magma evolution: one is an oxyexsolution process related to the magmatic and high temperature subsolidus stage, and the other is a reduction process of consecutive subsolidus stage. Rocks distributed in the northern part of the granitic complex preserve well the oxyexsolution process and show higher magnetic susceptibility, whereas those in the southern part of the complex, record the reduction process and show lower magnetic susceptibility.
The magnetite-ilmenite geothermometer indicates temperatures of ca. 730°C for the oxide pairs of the early stage. Oxygen fugacity of one to three orders of magnitude higher than the annite-sanidine-magnetite (ASM) univariant curve, and an aqueous sulfur composition,fSO2/fH2S, of around 1.0 is indicated. This first stage corresponds to the crystallization of phenocrystic hornblende and plagioclase at depth. At about 700°C crystallization changed to biotite, K-feldspar and quartz, and continued to about 600°C. ThefO2 during this second stage is buffered by the ASM assemblage. This second stage defines the oxyexsolution process. Below about 600°C, a reduction process, caused by assimilation of carbonaceous matter of country rocks, overprinted the southern part of the complex. Oxide pairs show that thefO2 is about four orders of magnitude lower than the ASM univariant curve, andfSO2/fH2S is 10−8.0 or less at 550°C for this reduced assemblage. The drastic change in composition of sulfur-bearing aqueous species may be one of the principal factors allowing base metal mineralization.
Zusammenfassung
Der mineralisierte Hobenzan Granitkomplex setzt sich aus Tonaliten und einer kontinuierlichen Differentiationsserie, bestehend aus Biotit-Hornblende-Granodioriten, Hornblende-Biotit-Graniten und Biotit-Graniten, zusammen. Die Texturen und die Mineralchemie der Fe-Ti Oxide belegen zwei unterschiedliche Prozesse bei der Entwicklung des Hobenzan Granitkomplexes: einerseits einen Oxyexsolution-Prozeß, während des magmatischen und hochtemperierten Subsolidus-Stadiums, andererseits einen Reduktionsprozeß während des tiefertemperierten Subsolidus-Stadiums. Gesteine im nördlichen Hobenzan Komplex belegen vor allem den Oxyexsolution Prozeß und zeigen höhere magnetische Suszeptibilität, während jene im südlichen Teil den Reduktionsprozeß widerspiegeln und niedrigere magnetische Suszeptibilität zeigen.
Das Magnetit-Ilmenit Geothermometer ergab Temperaturen von ca. 730°C für Oxidpaare des Frühstadiums. Die Sauerstoff Fugazität liegt um eine bis drei Größenordnungen über der univarianten Reaktionskurve Annit-Sanidin-Magnetit (ASM), und dasfSO2/fH2S Verhältnis der wässrigen Schwefelkomplexe bei ca. 1.0. Dieses Frühstadium korrespondiert mit der Kristallisation von Horblende und Plagioklas im Magma in größerer Tiefe. Ab ca. 700°C erfolgt die Kristallisation von Biotit, Alkalifeldspat und Quarz bis etwa 600°C, wobeifO2 durch die ASM Mineralassoziation gepuffert wird. Dieses zweite Stadium wird als Oxyexsolution Prozeß beschrieben. Unter 600°C erfolgte eine Reduktion durch Assimilation von kohlenstoffreichem Material vor allem im südlichen Teil des Komplexes. Oxidpaare dieses Stadiums belegen, daßfO2 um etwa vier Größenordnungen unterhalb des ASM Puffers liegt, undfSO2/fH2S ist ⩽ 10−8 bei 550°C. Die dramatische Änderung in der Zusammensetzung der Schwefelkomplexe in den Lösungen wird als der Hauptfaktor für die Bildung der Erzmineralisationen angesehen.
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Nakashima, K. Chemistry of Fe-Ti oxide minerals in the Hobenzan granitic complex, SW Japan: Subsolidus reduction in relation to base metal mineralization. Mineralogy and Petrology 58, 51–69 (1996). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01165763
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01165763