Abstract
This paper defends metasociology against the attacks of a particular brand of metasociological critique done in the name of scientific progress. The proponents of scientific progress often argue that metasociology does not contribute anything of substantial value to the progress of sociology as a science. In contrast, we argue that this view of metasociology is not terribly well informed. We suggest that metasociology should be thought of as a dialogue with other nearby disciplines and with contemporary political and moral conversations about the social world. One job of metasociology is to expose the assumptions of sociologists so as to make them more aware of where they stand in relation to other contemporary dialogues. We also argue that for metasociology to be taken seriously as dialogue, we must give up certain pretensions. The social grounds for metasociology as dialogue rest on epistemic relativism and, more importantly, on judgmental relativism.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Alexander, Jeffrey 1982–1984 Theoretical Logic in Sociology. 4 vols. Berkeley: University of California Press.
Bacon, Francis 1960 Novum Organum. (1620) New York: Bobbs-Merrill.
1979a “Response to Overington.” The American Sociologist 14:12–24.
1979b “The presidential address: Measurement and conceptualization problems: The major obstacle to integrating theory and research.” American Sociological Review 44:881–894.
1989 “The real and unrealized contributions of quantitative sociology.” American Sociological Review 54:447–460.
Booth, David 1985 “Marxism and development theory.” World Development 13: 761–787.
Cicourel, Aaron 1964 Method and Measurement in Sociology. New York: Free Press.
Cole, Stephen 1979 “Comments on paper by Michael A. Overington.” The American Sociologist 14:17–19.
Coleman, James S. 1986 “Social theory, social research and a theory of action.” American Sociological Review 91:1309–1335.
1986a “Sociology as the Land of Oz.” California Sociologist 9:33–57.
1986b “Is 1980s sociology in the doldrums?” American Journal of Sociology 91:1336–1355.
1989a “Sociology: Proscience or antiscience?” American Sociological Review 54:124–139.
1989b “Toward a neo-Meadian sociology of mind;” “Response.” Symbolic Interaction 12: 1–32, 111–119.
Couch, Carl 1987 “Objectivity: A crutch and club for bureaucrats/subjectivity: A haven for lost souls.” Sociological Quarterly 28:105–118.
Eisenstadt, S. N. andH. J. Helle, eds. 1985 Macro-Sociological Theory: Perspectives on Sociological Theory, Volume 1. Micro-Sociological Theory: Perspectives on Sociological Theory, Volume 2. London: Sage.
Ewald, Keith 1978 “Jurgen Habermas' schema for a science of society.” Paper presented at North Central Sociological Association, Dayton, OH.
1975 Against Method. London: New Left Books.
1987 Farewell to Reason. New York: Verso.
Fiske, Donald W. andRichard A. Shweder 1986 Metatheory in Social Science, Pluralisms and Subjectivities. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Freidheim, Elizabeth A. 1979 “An empirical comparison of Ritzer's paradigms and similar metatheories: A research note.” Social Forces 58:59–66.
Friedrichs, Robert 1970 A Sociology of Sociology. New York: Free Press.
Fuchs, Stephan 1987 “Toward a sociology of truth: A reply to Charles Powers.” Sociological Theory 5:205–206.
Fuchs, Stephan andJonathan Turner 1986 “What makes a science mature.” Sociological Theory 4:143–150.
Fuhrman, Ellsworth R. 1980 “Holism and sentiment in social theory.” Western Sociological Review 11:1–12.
Fuhrman, Ellsworth R. andWilliam E. Snizek 1982 “Syntheses, delusions, and metasociology.” International Journal of Contemporary Sociology 19:1–26.
Furfey, Paul 1965 The Scope and Method of Sociology: A Metasociological Treatise. (1953) New York: Cooper Square Publishers, Inc.
Gellner, Ernst 1985 Relativism and the Social Sciences. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
1979 “School for scandal: Comment on Overington.” The American Sociologist 14:19–21.
1982 “Durkheim's sociology of scientific knowledge.” Journal of the History of the Behavioral Sciences 18:107–129.
Gouldner, Alvin 1970 The Coming Crisis of Western Sociology. New York: Basic Books.
Harper, Diane Blake, Joan Sylvester, andDavid Walezak 1980 “An empirical comparison of Ritzer's paradigms and similar metatheories: Comment on Freidheim.” Social Forces 59:513–517.
Hazelrigg, Lawrence E. 1979 “What would Francis Bacon think? A brief appreciation of Overington's essay.” The American Sociologist 14:21–24.
Hempel, Carl G. 1979 “The logic of functional analysis.” (1959) In Gross, (ed.), Symposium on Sociological Theory: 271–307. Evanston, IL: Row, Peterson.
Knorr-Cetina, Karin 1981 The Manufacture of Knowledge: An Essay on the Constructionist and Contextual Nature of Knowledge. Oxford: Pergamon Press.
Kruskal, William H., ed. 1982 The Social Sciences: Their Nature and Uses. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Kuhn, Thomas S. 1970 The Structure of Scientific Revolutions, 2d ed. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Lakatos, Imre 1978 The Methodology of Scientific Research Programmes, Vol. 1. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Latour, Bruno andSteve Woolgar 1979 Laboratory Life. The Social Construction of Scientific Facts. London: Sage.
Laudan, Larry 1977 Progress and Its Problems: Toward a Theory of Scientific Growth. Berkeley: University of California Press.
Lewis, J. David andAndrew J. Weigert 1985 “Social atomism, holism, and trust.” The Sociological Quarterly 26:455–371.
Liebow, Eliot 1967 “Tally's Corner: A Study of Negro Street-corner Man. Boston: Little Brown and Co.
Marshall, James P. 1984 “A critique of George Ritzer's theoretical model of social reality.” Paper presented at Western Social Science Association, San Francisco, CA.
Mayhew, Bruce H. 1980 “Structuralism versus individualism: Part I, shadowboxing in the dark.” Social Forces 59:335–375.
Moore, Barrington, Jr. 1962 Political Power and Social Theory. New York: Harper.
Munch, Richard 1982 Theory of Action: Reconstructing the Contributions of Talcott Parsons, Emile Durkheim, & Max Weber, 2 vols. Frankfurt: Suhrkamp.
Oakes, Guy 1975 “Introductory essay.” In Max Weber, Roscher and Knies: 1–49. Guy Oakes, tr. New York: Free Press.
Overington, Michael A. 1979 “Doing what comes rationally: Some developments in metatheory.” The American Sociologist 14:2–12.
Parsons, Talcott 1979 “On theory and metatheory.” Humboldt Journal of Social Relations 7:5–16.
Phillips, Derek 1971 Knowledge from What? Chicago: Rand McNally.
Phillips, John 1978 “Some problems in locating practices.” Sociology 12:55–77.
Picou, J. Steven, Richard H. Wells, andKenneth L. Nyberg 1978 “Paradigms, theories, and methods in contemporary rural sociology.” Rural Sociology 43:559–583.
1975 Sociology: A Multiple Paradigm Science. Boston: Allyn and Bacon.
1979 “Toward an integrated sociological paradigm.” In Snizek, Fuhrman, and Miller (eds.), Contemporary Issues in Theory and Research: A Metasociological Perspective: 25–46. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.
1988 “Sociological metatheory: A defense of a subfield by a delineation of its parameters.” Sociological Theory 6:187–200.
Rizer, George 1989 “Metatheory as a source of theory: Prevalence, uses and excess.” Paper presented at the 1989 American Sociological Association meetings, San Francisco, CA.
Rueschemeyer, Dietrich 1982 “On Durkheim's explanation of division of labor.” American and Journal of Sociology 88:579–589.
Sjoberg, Gideon andTed Vaughn 1979 “Human rights, reflectivity, and the sociology of knowledge.” In Snizek, Fuhrman, and Miller (eds.), Contemporary Issues in Theory and Research: A Metasociological Perspective: 235–250. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.
1984 “Sociology's historical imagination.” In T. Skocpol (ed.), Vision and Method in Historical Sociology: 1–21. New York: Cambridge University Press.
1987 “The dead end of metatheory.” Contemporary Sociology 16:10–12.
Snizek, William E. 1979 “Toward a clarification of the interrelationship between theory and research: Its form and implications.” In Snizek, Fuhrman, and Miller (eds.), Contemporary Issues in Theory and Research: A Metasociological Perspective: 197–209. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.
Takla, Tendzin N. andWhitney Pope 1985 “The force imagery in Durkheim: The integration of theory, metatheory, and method.” Sociological Theory 3:74–88.
Thomas, Konrad 1978 “Who needs development theory.” Dritte Welt 6:5–25.
Tilly, Charles 1986 The Contentious French. Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press.
1979 “The significance of schools in the development of sociology.” In Snizek, Fuhrman, and Miller (eds.), Contemporary Issues in Theory and Research: Metasociological Perspectives: 211–223. Westport, CT: Greenwood.
1986 “Hegemonic schools and the development of sociology: Rethinking the history of the discipline.” In Monk (ed.), Structures of Knowing: 417–441. Lanham, MD: University Press of America.
1979 “Sociology as a theory building enterprise: Detours from the early masters.” Pacific Sociological Review 22:427–456.
1985 “In defense of positivism.” Sociological Theory 3:24–30.
1986 The Structure of Sociological Theory, 4th ed. Chicago: Dorsey Press.
1988 A Theory of Social Interaction. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
Wisdom, J. O. 1981 “Schemata in social science. Part two: Metatheoretical.” Inquiry 24:3–19.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Fuhrman, E., Snizek, W. Neither proscience nor antiscience: Metasociology as dialogue. Sociol Forum 5, 17–36 (1990). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01115135
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01115135